Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
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Hydrolysis of Isolate Soybean Protein Using Subcritical Water

아임계수를 이용한 분리대두단백질의 가수분해

  • 황윤희 ((주)바이오벤 부설연구소) ;
  • 조형용 (차의과학대학교 식품생명공학과) ;
  • 김고래 ((주)바이오벤 부설연구소) ;
  • 이석훈 ((주)바이오벤 부설연구소) ;
  • 최미정 (건국대학교 생명자원식품공학과) ;
  • 신정규 (전주대학교 한식조리학과)
  • Received : 2015.11.20
  • Accepted : 2015.12.15
  • Published : 2015.12.31
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Abstract

Hydrolysis of isolate soybean protein (ISP) using subcritical water (SCW) was conducted to study the feasibility for producing protein hydrolyzate. SCW hydrolysis of SPI suspension (5-15%) was conducted in an electrically heated batch reactor (2 L). The effects of temperature (230 to $270^{\circ}C$) and holding time (10 to 50 min) on the degree of hydrolysis (DH) and the production of amino acids were studied by surface response method. The DH was determined by derivatizing the hydrolyzates with ortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA) solution. It was confirmed that reaction temperature and holding time affected the hydrothermolysis of soybean protein. However, the holding time was less effective on amino acid yield when the temperature was higher than $230^{\circ}C$. In order to achieve optimal yields of amino acids exceeding 43%, the temperature should be within the range between 256 and $268^{\circ}C$ with holding time from 29 to 41 min, respectively. A maximum estimated amino acid yield of 43.5% was obtained at $268^{\circ}C$ for 35 min.

최근 아임계수 가수분해는 전통적인 단백질 가수분해법의 대체방법으로서 관심을 받고 있으며, 고단백질원으로부터 아미노산을 회수하는데 효과적인 공정이 될 수 있을 것으로 기대되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 대표적인 식물성 단백질원인 분리대두단백질을 선택하여 대두단백질의 아임계수 가수분해에서 가장 중요한 인자인 대두단백질의 초기농도, 반응온도, 반응시간의 영향을 연구하여 대두단백질로부터 아미노산을 생산할 수 있는 조건을 최적화하고자 하였다. 대두단백질 수열분해액의 실온에서 pH는 $200^{\circ}C$에서 20분간 처리했을 때 pH는 7.3으로 중성이었으나 온도가 증가할수록 pH가 증가하여 $270^{\circ}C$에서 10.3으로 알카리성을 나타내었다. 반응온도 $220^{\circ}C$까지는 수열분해액은 분산상태를 이루었으나 $230^{\circ}C$ 이상에서는 분산상태가 파괴되고 단백질이 분리되어 하부에 침강층을 이루었으며 $240^{\circ}C$ 이상에서는 이 단백질층이 현저히 감소하였다. 반응온도는 $250^{\circ}C$, 반응시간 20분으로 고정한 조건에서 대두현탁액의 초기농도가 수열분해에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과 초기농도 10% (w/v)일 때 가수분해도 및 아미노산 수율이 각각 16.2% 및 22.3%로 가장 우수하였다. 또한 반응온도 $200-220^{\circ}C$ 범위에서는 가수분해도와 아미노산 수율은 서서히 증가하였으나 $230-250^{\circ}C$ 영역에서는 급격히 증가하였으며 $250^{\circ}C$ 이상에서는 다시 완만히 증가하는 경향을 보여 $250^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 아미노산 분해속도는 단백질 분해속도를 초과하였다. 표면반응분석법으로 예측한 결과 $268^{\circ}C$, 처리시간 35분에서 최적 아미노산 수율 43.5%를 얻을 수 있었다.

Keywords

References

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