Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B (대한기계학회논문집B)

The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers (대한기계학회)
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Numerical Investigation of Deformation of Thin-walled Tube Under Detonation of Combustible Gas Mixture

가연성 연소 가스의 데토네이션에 의한 얇은 관 변형 모델링

  • Gwak, Mincheol (Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul Nat'l Univ.) ;
  • Lee, Younghun (Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul Nat'l Univ.) ;
  • Yoh, Jai-Ick (Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul Nat'l Univ.)
  • 곽민철 (서울대학교 기계항공공학부) ;
  • 이영헌 (서울대학교 기계항공공학부) ;
  • 여재익 (서울대학교 기계항공공학부)
  • Received : 2014.04.15
  • Accepted : 2014.09.17
  • Published : 2015.01.01
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Abstract

We present the results of a multi-material numerical investigation of the propagation of a combustible gas mixture detonation in narrow metal tubes. We use an experimentally tuned one step Arrhenius chemical reaction and ideal gas equation of state (EOS) to describe stoichiometric $H_2-O_2$ and $C_2H_4-O_2$ detonations. The purely plastic deformations of copper and steel tubes are modeled using the Mie-Gruneisen EOS and Johnson-Cook strength model. To precisely track the interface motion between the detonating gas and the deforming wall, we use the hybrid particle level-sets within the ghost fluid framework. The calculated results are validated against the experimental data because the results explain the process of the generation and subsequent interaction of the expansion wave with the high-strain-rate deformation of the walls.

본 논문에서는 다물질(가연성 기체 혼합물과 금속관) 수치 해석 기법을 활용하여 밀리미터 크기의 얇은 두께의 금속관 내에서의 데토네이션을 모델링하였다. 데토네이션의 해석을 위하여 수소와 에틸렌 혼합물의 실험과 이론적 값을 기반으로 최적화된 1단계 아레니우스 형태의 화학 반응식, 이상기체 상태 방정식을 활용하여 모델링하였다. 또한 금속관의 재료인 구리와 철은 Mie-Gruneisen 상태 방정식과 Johnson-Cook 강성 모델을 활용하여 큰 압력에 의한 관의 소성 변형을 모델링하였다. 다물질 수치 해석을 위한 경계면의 추적 및 경계면 값의 결정은 각각 hybrid particle level-set 기법과 ghost fluid method(GFM)을 통하여 획득하였다. 수치적 해석 결과는 실험값과의 비교를 통하여 검증 하였으며, 관두께(두꺼운 관과 얇은 관)에 따른 내부 유동장의 변화를 확인하였다. 얇은 관의 경우, 데토네이션에 의해 발생하는 높은 내부 압력에 의하여 관의 소성 변형이 일어나고, 이에 따라 발생하는 팽창파에 의해 내부 기체 혼합물의 압력 및 밀도의 감소현상을 확인하였다.

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