Journal of Korean Society of Transportation (대한교통학회지)

Korean Society of Transportation (대한교통학회)
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Reviews on the Conflicts Among Interest Groups in the Process of Railway Restructuring: Focusing on the ACF(Advocacy Coalition Framework)

철도구조개혁 과정에서의 이해집단간 갈등탐색에 관한 고찰: 옹호연합모형(ACF)을 중심으로

  • LEE, Hyun-Jung (Graduate School of Public Policy & IT, Seoul National Univ. of Science & Technology) ;
  • KIM, Jae-Young (Public and Private Infrastructure Investment Management Center, KDI)
  • 이현정 (서울과학기술대학교 IT정책대학원) ;
  • 김재영 (한국개발연구원 공공투자관리센터)
  • Received : 2015.05.25
  • Accepted : 2015.11.19
  • Published : 2015.12.31
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Abstract

The discussion about the structural reformation of Korean rail industry has been consistently conducted from the evaluation on Korean National Railroad's management in 1998, the foundation of KORAIL in 2005 to the approval of Suseo KTX corporation establishment in 2013 and the controversy over its privatization. This research explores the changes of government policies by applying to ACF in the assumption that those changes have been implemented due to the interaction of various external variables and main agents in policy which had existed for a long-term period that the rail industry's structural reformation has been practiced for more than 10 years. The unions failed to reach an agreement for the rail industry's structural reformation, the policies regarding the reformation have been led by superior political unions. And this research concludes that a mediator who can compromise unions' different policy preferences and means and bring up a compromised decision in conflicted situation plays a pivotal role to successfully practice these policies.

우리나라의 철도산업 구조개혁 관련 논의는 1998년 철도청 경영진단을 시작으로 2005년 한국철도공사의 출범, 2013년 수서발 KTX 법인 면허 발급과 민영화 논란에 이르기까지 지속적으로 이루어져 왔다. 본 연구에서는 철도산업 구조개혁이 10년 이상의 장기성을 통해 이루어진 점에 비추어, 이러한 정책변동은 여러 외적 변수와 장기적인 정책주체들의 상호작용에 기인하여 이루어졌다고 보고, 옹호연합모형을 적용하여 고찰하고자 하였다. 철도산업 구조개혁은 연합(Coalition)간의 합의점을 도출하지 못한 채 정권교체 등의 시점에 보다 우월한 지배연합에 의해 정책이 추진되었다고 볼 수 있으며, 이러한 정책의 성공적인 집행을 위해서는 깊은 갈등관계 속에서의 상이한 정책선호와 도구들을 중재하고 절충할 수 있는 대안을 도출하는 정책중개자의 역할이 중요할 것으로 판단하였다.

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