Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

  • 제28권4호
  • /
  • Pages.485-493
  • /
  • 2015
  • /
  • 1011-2367(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1976-5517(eISSN)
아세아태평양축산학회 (Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Rumen Degradability and Post-ruminal Digestion of Dry Matter, Nitrogen and Amino Acids of Three Protein Supplements

  • Gao, Wei (College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University) ;
  • Chen, Aodong (College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University) ;
  • Zhang, Bowen (College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University) ;
  • Kong, Ping (College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University) ;
  • Liu, Chenli (College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University) ;
  • Zhao, Jie (College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University)
  • 투고 : 2014.07.29
  • 심사 : 2014.10.21
  • 발행 : 2015.04.01
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

This study evaluated the in situ ruminal degradability, and subsequent small intestinal digestibility (SID) of dry matter, crude protein (CP), and amino acids (AA) of cottonseed meal (CSM), sunflower seed meal (SFSM) and distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) by using the modified three-step in vitro procedure. The ruminal degradability and subsequent SID of AA in rumen-undegradable protein (RUP-AA) varied among three protein supplements. The result show that the effective degradability of DM for SFSM, CSM, and DDGS was 60.8%, 56.4%, and 41.0% and their ruminal fermentable organic matter was 60.0%, 55.9%, and 39.9%, respectively. The ruminal degradable protein (RDP) content in CP for SFSM, CSM, and DDGS was 68.3%, 39.0%, and 32.9%, respectively, at the ruminal solid passage rate of 1.84%/h. The SFSM is a good source of RDP for rumen micro-organisms; however, the SID of RUP of SFSM was lower. The DDGS and CSM are good sources of RUP for lambs to digest in the small intestine to complement ruminal microbial AA of growing lambs. Individual RUP-AA from each protein source was selectively removed by the rumen microorganisms, especially for Trp, Arg, His, and Lys (p<0.01). The SID of individual RUP-AA was different within specific RUP origin (p<0.01). Limiting amino acid was Leu for RUP of CSM and Lys for both RUP of SFSM and DDGS, respectively. Therefore, different protein supplements with specific limitations should be selected and combined carefully in growing lambs ration to optimize AA balance.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. AOAC. 2012. Official Methods of Analysis. 17th edn. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA, USA.
  2. Boucher, S. E., S. Calsamiglia, C. M. Parsons, H. H. Stein, M. D. Stern, P. S. Erickson, P. L. Utterback, and C. G. Schwab. 2009a. Intestinal digestibility of amino acids in rumen undegradable protein estimated using a precision-fed cecectomized rooster bioassay: 1. Soybean meal and SoyPlus. J. Dairy Sci. 92: 4489-4498. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2008-1884
  3. Boucher, S. E., S. Calsamiglia, C. M. Parsons, H. H. Stein, M. D. Stern, P. S. Erickson, P. L. Utterback, and C. G. Schwab. 2009b. Intestinal digestibility of amino acids in rumen-undegraded protein estimated using a precision-fed cecectomized rooster bioassay: 2. Distillers dried grains with solubles and fish meal. J. Dairy Sci. 92:6056-6067. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2008-1885
  4. Calsamiglia, S. and M. D. Stern. 1995. A three-step in vitro procedure for estimating intestinal digestion of protein in ruminants. J. Anim. Sci. 73:1459-1465. https://doi.org/10.2527/1995.7351459x
  5. Chiou, P. W. S., K. Chen, K. Kuo, J. Hsu, and B. Yu. 1995. Studies on the protein degradabilities of feedstuffs in Taiwan. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 55:215-226. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(95)00798-R
  6. Clark, J. H., M. R. Murphy, and B. A. Crooker. 1987. Supplying the protein needs of dairy cattle from by-product feeds. J. Dairy Sci. 70:1092-1109. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(87)80116-9
  7. Clark, J. H., T. H. Klusmeyer, and M. R. Cameron. 1992. Microbial protein synthesis and flows of nitrogen fractions to the duodenum of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 75:2304-2323. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(92)77992-2
  8. Cozzi, G. and C. E. Polan. 1994. Corn gluten meal or dried brewers grains as partial replacement for soybean meal in the diet of Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77:825-834. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77017-X
  9. Cozzi, G., I. Andrighetto, P. Berzaghi, and C. E. Polan. 1995. In situ ruminal disappearance of essential amino acids in protein feedstuffs. J. Dairy Sci. 78:161-171. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(95)76626-7
  10. Crooker, B. A., J. H. Clark, R. D. Shanks, and E. E. Hatfield. 1986. Effects of ruminal exposure on the amino acid profile of heated and formaldehyde-treated soybean meal. J. Dairy Sci. 69:2648-2657. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(86)80712-3
  11. de Boer, G., J. J. Murphy, and J. J. Kennelly. 1987. Mobile nylon bag for estimating intestinal availability of rumen undegradable protein. J. Dairy Sci. 70:977-982. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(87)80102-9
  12. Economides, S. 1998. The nutritive value of sunflower meal and its effect on replacing cereal straw in the diets of lactating ewes and goats. Lives. Prod. Sci. 55:89-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-6226(98)00118-3
  13. Gargallo, S., S. Calsamiglia, and A. Ferret. 2006. Technical note: A modified three-step in vitro procedure to determine intestinal digestion of proteins. J. Anim. Sci. 84:2163-2167. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2004-704
  14. Harstad, O. M. and E. PrestlOkken. 2001. Rumen degradability and intestinal indigestibility of individual amino acids in corn gluten meal, canola meal and fish meal determined in situ. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 94:127-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8401(01)00304-2
  15. Jarrige, R. 1989. Ruminant Nutrition: Recommended Allowances and Feed Tables. John Libbey Eurotext, London, England.
  16. Kamalak, A., O. Canbolat, Y. Gurbuz, and O. Ozay. 2005. In situ ruminal dry matter and crude protein degradability of plantand animal-derived protein sources in Southern Turkey. Small Rumin. Res. 58:135-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2004.09.006
  17. Kelzer, J. M., P. J. Kononoff, L. O. Tedeschi, T. C. Jenkins, K. Karges, and M. L. Gibson. 2010. Evaluation of protein fractionation and ruminal and intestinal digestibility of corn milling co-products. J. Dairy Sci. 93:2803-2815. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2009-2460
  18. Kleinschmit, D. H., J. L. Anderson, D. J. Schingoethe, K. F. Kalscheur, and A. R. Hippen. 2007. Ruminal and intestinal degradability of distillers grains plus solubles varies by source. J. Dairy Sci. 90:2909-2918. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-613
  19. Kononoff, P. J., S. K. Ivan, and T. J. Klopfenstein. 2007. Estimation of the proportion of feed protein digested in the small intestine of cattle consuming wet corn gluten feed. J. Dairy Sci. 90:2377-2385. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-552
  20. Licitra, G., T. M. Hernandez, and P. J. Van Soest. 1996. Standardization of procedures for nitrogen fractionation of ruminant feeds. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 57:347-358. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(95)00837-3
  21. MacRae, J. C., A. Walker, D. Brown, and G. E. Lobley. 1993. Accretion of total protein and individual amino acids by organs and tissues of growing lambs and the ability of nitrogen balance techniques to quantitate protein retention. Anim. Sci. 57:237-245. https://doi.org/10.1017/S000335610000684X
  22. Maiga, H. A., J. D. J. Schingoethe, and J. E. Henson. 1996. Ruminal degradation, amino acid composition, and intestinal digestibility of the residual components of five protein supplements. J. Dairy Sci. 79:1647-1653. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(96)76528-1
  23. Masoero, F., L. Fiorentini, F. Rossi, and A. Piva. 1994. Determination of nitrogen intestinal digestibility in ruminants. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 48: 253-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(94)90176-7
  24. National Research Council. 1989. Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. 6th Ed. National Academic Press, Washington, DC, USA.
  25. National Research Council. 2001. Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. 7th Ed. National Academic Press, Washington, DC, USA.
  26. Noziere, P. and B. Michalet-Doreau. 2000. In sacco methods. In: Farm Animal Metabolism and Nutrition (Ed. J. F. F. D'Mello). CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK. pp. 233-253.
  27. O'Mara, F. P., J. J. Murphy, and M. Rath. 1997. The amino acid composition of protein feedstuffs before and after ruminal incubation and after subsequent passage through the intestines of dairy cows. J. Anim. Sci. 75:1941-1949. https://doi.org/10.2527/1997.7571941x
  28. O rskov, E. R. and I. McDonald. 1979. The estimation of protein degradability in the rumen from incubation measurements weighted according to rate of passage. J. Agric. Sci. Camb. 92: 499-503. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859600063048
  29. Pearse, E. S. and H. O. Hartley. 1966. Biometrika Tables for Statisticians, vol. 1. Cambridge University Press, London, UK.
  30. SAS Institute Inc. 2003. SAS/STAT User's Guide: Version 9. 7th edn. SAS Instute Inc., Cary, NC, USA.
  31. Storm, E. and E. R. O rskov. 1984. The nutritive value of rumen micro-organisms in ruminants. 4. The limiting amino acids of microbial protein in growing sheep determined by a new approach. Br. J. Nutr. 52:613-620. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN19840128
  32. Taghizadeh, A., M. Danesh Mesgaran, R. Valizadeh, F. Eftekhar Shahroodi, and K. Stanford. 2005. Digestion of feed amino acids in the rumen and intestine of steers measured using a mobile nylon bag technique. J. Dairy Sci. 88:1807-1814. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72855-1
  33. Titgemeyer, E. C., N. R. Merchen, and L. L. Berger. 1989. Evaluation of soybean meal, corn gluten meal, blood meal and fish meal as sources of nitrogen and amino acids disappearing from the small intestine in steers. J. Anim. Sci. 67:262-275. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1989.671262x
  34. Van Soest, P. J., J. B. Robertson, and B. A. Lewis. 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74:3583-3597. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2
  35. Van Straalen, W. M., J. J. Odinga, and W. Mostert. 1997. Digestion of feed amino acids in the rumen and small intestine of dairy cows measured with nylon-bag techniques. Br. J. Nutr. 77:83-97. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114500002907
  36. Varvikko, T. and A. Vanhatalo. 1991. Intestinal nitrogen of hay and grass silage estimated by the mobile nylon bag technique. World Rev. Anim. Prod. 16:73-76.
  37. Varvikko, T., J. E. Lindberg, J. Setala, and L. Syrjala-Qvist. 1983. The effect of formaldehyde treatment of soy-bean and rapeseed meal on the amino acid profiles and acid-pepsin solubility of rumen undegraded protein. J. Agric. Sci. (Camb.) 101:603-612. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859600038648
  38. Weakley, D. C., M. D. Stern, and L. D. Satter. 1983. Factors affecting disappearance of feedstuffs from bags suspended in the rumen. J. Anim. Sci. 56:493-507. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1983.562493x

피인용 문헌

  1. three-step and mobile nylon bag technique vol.87, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1111/asj.12464
  2. Kinetics of digestion of low-quality forage grazed by beef cattle fed supplements containing increasing levels of rumen undegradable protein vol.45, pp.9, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1590/s1806-92902016000900009
  3. Amino acid profiles of rumen undegradable protein: a comparison between forages including cereal straws and alfalfa and their respective total mixed rations pp.09312439, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.12789
  4. In situ Ruminal and Intestinal Digestibility of Crude Protein and Amino Acids in By-product Feedstuffs vol.38, pp.2, 2018, https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2018.38.2.74
  5. Nutrient evaluation and ruminal degradation of dry matter and protein from amarula (Sclerocarya birrea), macadamia (integrifolia) and baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) oilcakes as dietary supplements for vol.51, pp.7, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-019-01896-0
  6. Estimating degradation of individual essential amino acids in fish meal and blood meal by rumen microbes in a dual-flow continuous-culture system vol.103, pp.7, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2019-17279
  7. Potential Valorization of Organic Waste Streams to Valuable Organic Acids through Microbial Conversion: A South African Case Study vol.11, pp.8, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3390/catal11080964
  8. Comparison of Ruminal Degradability, Indigestible Neutral Detergent Fiber, and Total-Tract Digestibility of Three Main Crop Straws with Alfalfa Hay and Corn Silage vol.11, pp.11, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11113218
  9. Antioxidative hydrolysates from corn gluten meal may effectively reduce lipid oxidation and inhibit HepG2 cancer cell growth vol.7, pp.None, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2021.100252