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Content of Fat-Soluble Nutrients (Cholesterol, Retinol, and α-Tocopherol) in Different Parts of Poultry Meats according to Cooking Method

조리방법에 따른 가금류의 부위별 지용성 영양성분 함량 변화 조사: 콜레스테롤, 레티놀 및 알파-토코페롤

  • Lee, Ji Hyun (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Hee Na (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Shin, Jung-Ah (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Chun, Ji Yeon (Department of Food Engineering, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Lee, Junsoo (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Lee, Ki-Teak (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University)
  • Received : 2014.10.13
  • Accepted : 2014.11.19
  • Published : 2015.02.28

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of different cooking methods on contents of cholesterol, retinol, and tocopherol in poultry meats (chicken, Korean native chicken, and duck) using saponification extraction and HPLC analysis. The cooking methods were boiling, grilling, stir-frying, deep-frying, steaming, roasting, and microwaving. Generally, contents of cholesterol increased after cooking. Especially, after deep-frying, large amounts of cholesterol were detected from legs of chicken (94.25 mg/100 g) and wings of Korean native chicken (132.96 mg/100 g). High cholesterol content was detected in wings (233.77 mg/100 g) from duck after microwaving. However, contents of retinol decreased after cooking. The retinol contents of breast meat from Korean native chicken were low ($0.86{\sim}0.56{\mu}g/100g$) compared to other meats ($1.10{\sim}22.66{\mu}g/100g$ in chicken and $1.96{\sim}36.80{\mu}g/100g$ in duck), whereas raw materials from wings of all poultry showed the highest tocopherol contents. Of the various cooking methods, stir-frying and deep-frying resulted in increased ${\alpha}$-tocopherol contents in meats.

본 연구에서는 조리방법(원재료, 삶기, 굽기, 볶기, 튀기기, 찌기, 로스팅, 전자레인지)에 따른 닭, 토종닭, 오리의 부위별(가슴, 날개 및 다리) 콜레스테롤, 레티놀 및 알파-토코페롤의 함량을 조사하였다. 모든 지용성 영양 성분은 알칼리 검화법을 통해 검화물 제거 후 용매추출법을 이용하여 동시 추출하였다. 닭, 토종닭 및 오리의 부위별 지용성 영양 성분의 함량을 조사한 결과, 닭과 토종닭의 가슴살은 다리살이나 날개살에 비해 낮은 콜레스테롤, 레티놀 및 알파-토코페롤 함량을 보였다. 콜레스테롤의 경우에는 조리 후에 전반적으로 성분 함량이 증가하였으며, 특히 닭의 경우 튀기기 조리 후 날개살과 다리살의 콜레스테롤 함량은 107.32 mg/100 g과 94.25 mg/100 g으로 높은 경향을 보였다. 분석된 시료들 중에서 가장 높은 콜레스테롤 함량(233.77 mg/100 g)은 전자레인지 조리 후 오리의 날개살에서 검출되었다. 레티놀의 경우 닭, 토종닭 및 오리의 부위별 성분 함량이 전반적으로 감소하였으며, 닭의 가슴살과 다리살의 경우 볶기와 튀기기에서 다른 조리방법에 비해 비교적 높은 레티놀 함량을 나타냈다. 또한 토종닭의 경우 가슴살의 함량이 날개살과 다리살보다 매우 낮은 경향을 보였다. 알파-토코페롤 역시 모든 가금류에서 대체적으로 가슴살이 다른 부위에 비해 낮은 알파-토코페롤 함량을 나타냈으며, 닭과 토종닭의 경우에는 대체적으로 볶기와 튀기기 조리 후 알파-토코페롤의 함량이 증가하였다. 이러한 경향은 조리 중에 사용된 콩기름에 산화방지제로 함유된 토코페롤의 영향 때문인 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

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