대한불안의학회지 (Anxiety and mood)

  • 제11권2호
  • /
  • Pages.120-128
  • /
  • 2015
  • /
  • 2586-0151(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2586-0046(eISSN)
대한불안의학회 (Korean Academy of Anxiety Disorders)
권호 표지

대학생의 자살위험도와 MMPI-2의 관계

Suicide Risk and the MMPI-2 Findings Among College Students

  • 이건석 (성안드레아병원 정신건강의학과) ;
  • 이혜경 (국립공주대학교 간호학과) ;
  • 김석현 (한양대학교병원 정신건강의학과) ;
  • 장은영 (한양대학교 구리병원 정신건강의학과) ;
  • 김대호 (한양대학교 의과대학 정신건강의학교실)
  • Lee, Kounseok (Department of Psychiatry, St. Andrew's Hospital) ;
  • Lee, Hye Kyung (Department of Nursing, Kongju National University) ;
  • Kim, Seok Hyeon (Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University Hospital) ;
  • Jang, Eun-Young (Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University Guri Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Daeho (Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Hanyang University)
  • 투고 : 2015.06.21
  • 심사 : 2015.08.13
  • 발행 : 2015.10.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Objectives : The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is a commonly used psychological test measuring personality and psychopathology in both clinical and non-clinical population. This study was to evaluate characteristic MMPI-2 profile associated with the risk of suicide among college students. Methods : We analyzed the survey response of 2,964 college students who participated in a health survey from a school health center at a national university in 2011. Those who endorsed any of six items on the suicidaity module of MINI were classified as a suicide risk group and remaining students who did not as a control group. Then we compared the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) score, the MMPI-2 Clinical scales and Restructured Clinical (RC) scales. To evaluate the correlation RC scales with suicidality score, Pearson correlation analysis was performed. Results : The suicide risk group was 464 students, and the control group was 2,500. The classification result of suicidality, 255 (8.6%) students were low-risk group, 149 (4.8%) students were moderate-risk group and 60 (2.0%) students were high-risk group. In the suicide risk group, VRIN, F scale, Clinical scale and RC scales were significantly higher. In the control group L, K and S scales were significantly higher. Suicidality score has significant correlation with all RC scales. Conclusion : In the suicide risk group, overall psychopathology was higher than the control group. Taken together, features of depressive symptom, antisocial behavior, aggressiveness, introversion may indicate the risk of suicide in college students. These results display both clinical and public health implications for clinicians and school health professionals.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. 2011 Annual report on the cause of death statistics. In: Office KNS, editor.: Korea National Statistical Office:2012.
  2. OECD. "Suicides", in OECD Factbook 2013: Economic, Environmental and Social Statistics. OECD Publishing:2013.
  3. McDONALD M. Elite South Korean University Rattled by Suicides. The New York Times;2011.
  4. Jung SH. The socioeconomic burden of suicide and depression in South Korea. Seoul: Seoul National Hospital;2005.
  5. Conwell Y, Duberstein P, Cox C, Herrmann J, Forbes N, Caine E. Relationships of age and axis I diagnoses in victims of completed suicide: a psychological autopsy study. Am J Psychiatry 1996;153:1001-1008. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.153.8.1001
  6. Goldstein RB, Black DW, Nasrallah A, Winokur G. The prediction of suicide: sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of a multivariate model applied to suicide among 1906 patients with affective disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry 1991;48:418. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1991.01810290030004
  7. Tidemalm D, Langstrom N, Lichtenstein P, Runeson B. Risk of suicide after suicide attempt according to coexisting psychiatric disorder: Swedish cohort study with long term follow-up. BMJ: British Medical Journal 2008;337.
  8. Cavanagh J, Carson AJ, Sharpe M, Lawrie S. Psychological autopsy studies of suicide: a systematic review. Psychological medicine 2003;33:395-405. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291702006943
  9. Wilcox HC, Conner KR, Caine ED. Association of alcohol and drug use disorders and completed suicide: an empirical review of cohort studies. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 2004;76:S11-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.08.003
  10. Scott J, Williams JMG. Cognitive therapy in clinical practice: An illustrative casebook. London: Routledge;1991. p.206-226.
  11. Deisenhammer EA, Strauss R, Kemmler G, Hinterhuber H, Weiss EM. The duration of the suicidal process: how much time is left for intervention between consideration and accomplishment of a suicide attempt? J Clin Psychiatry 2009;70:19-24. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.07m03904
  12. Williams JMG, Crane C, Barnhofer T, Duggan D. Psychology and suicidal behaviour: Elaborating the entrapment model. Prevention and treatment of suicidal behaviour: From science to practice;2005. p.239-260.
  13. Beck RW, Morris JB, Beck AT. Cross-validation of the suicidal intent scale. Psychological Reports 1974;34:445-446. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1974.34.2.445
  14. Reynolds WM. Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire (SIQ). Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources, PO Box 1987;998.
  15. Bostrom AG, Cronbach J. Development of a clinical instrument to estimate suicide risk. Am J Psychiatry 1985;142:680-686. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.142.6.680
  16. Osman A, Bagge CL, Gutierrez PM, Konick LC, Kopper BA, Barrios FX. The Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R): validation with clinical and nonclinical samples. Assessment 2001;8:443. https://doi.org/10.1177/107319110100800409
  17. Beck AT, Weissman A, Lester D, Trexler L. The measurement of pessimism: the hopelessness scale. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1974;42:861-865. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0037562
  18. Beck AT WC, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1961;4:561-571. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004
  19. Barratt ES, Stanford M, Costello C. Barratt Impulsiveness Scale: Barratt- Psychiatry Medical Branch, University of Texas;1975.
  20. Posner K, Brown GK, Stanley B, Brent DA, Yershova KV, Oquendo MA, et al. The Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale: initial validity and internal consistency findings from three multisite studies with adolescents and adults. American Journal of Psychiatry 2011;168:1266-1277. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.10111704
  21. Linehan MM, Wagner AW, Cox G. Parasuicide History Interview: Comprehensive assessment of parasuicidal behavior. Seattle: University of Washington;1983.128
  22. Hathaway S, McKinley J. The MMPI manual. New York: Psychological Corporation;1951.
  23. Kim J, Han K, Lim J, Lee J, Min B, Moon K. MMPI-2: Manual for Korean version of MMPI-2. Seoul: Maumsarang Ltd.;2005.
  24. Leonard C. The MMPI as a suicide predictor. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1977;45:367. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.45.3.367
  25. Daigle M. MMPI inmate profiles: suicide completers, suicide attempters, and non-suicidal controls. Behavioral Sciences & the Law 2004;22:833-842. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.618
  26. Pompili M, Rihmer Z, Akiskal HS, Innamorati M, Iliceto P, Akiskal KK, et al. Temperament and personality dimensions in suicidal and nonsuicidal psychiatric inpatients. Psychopathology 2008;41:313-321. https://doi.org/10.1159/000146069
  27. Lee J, Moon K, Heo J. The Relationship Between Suicidal Ideation and MMPI-2 Profile among College Students. Journal of Human Understanding and Counseling 2012;33:17.
  28. Lee S-A, Kim K-H, Suh S-Y. Comparison of Emotional and Psychological Characteristics between Suicide Attempters and Non-Attempters in Depressed Patients : Using MMPI-2 Profiles. Korean J Psychosom Med 2012;20:10.
  29. Seo HC, Oh SB, Kim TH, Lee JH, Kang SH, Lim MH. MMPI Characteristics of the Suicide Attempter Visiting Emergency Unit. Anxiety and Mood 2012;8:7.
  30. Han K, Kim J, Lim J, Lee J, Min B, Moon K. MMPI-2 Manual - Revised Edition: Maumsarang Ltd.;2011.
  31. Tellegen A. The MMPI-2 restructured clinical (RC) scales: Development, validation, and interpretation: University of Minnesota Press;2003.
  32. Sellbom M, Graham JR, Schenk PW. Incremental validity of the MMPI-2 Restructured Clinical (RC) scales in a private practice sample. Journal of Personality Assessment 2006;86:196-205. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa8602_09
  33. Butcher J, Dahlstrom W, Graham J, Tellegen A, Kaemmer B. Manual for administration and scoring: MMPI-2. Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press Minneapolis; 1989.
  34. Han K. The Korean MMPI-2. International adaptations of the MMPI- 2: Research and clinical applications 1996:88-136.
  35. Yoo S, Kim Y, Noh J, Oh K, Kim C, Namkoong K, et al. Validity of Korean version of the mini-international neuropsychiatric interview. Anxiety Mood 2006;2:50-55.
  36. Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JBW. The PHQ-9. Journal of General Internal Medicine 2001;16:606-613 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x
  37. Spitzer W. Patient Health Questionnaire-PHQ-9. PRIME-MD TODAY. Pfizer, Inc; 1999.
  38. Park S-J, Choi H-R, Choi J-H, Kim K, Hong JP. Reliability and Validity of the Korean Version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9). Anxiety and Mood 2010;6:119-124.
  39. Kim M-H, Jung-Choi K, Jun H-J, Kawachi I. Socioeconomic inequalities in suicidal ideation, parasuicides, and completed suicides in South Korea. Social Science & Medicine 2010;70:1254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.01.004
  40. Shea SJ. Personality characteristics of self-mutilating male prisoners. Journal of Clinical Psychology 1993;49:576-585. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199307)49:4<576::AID-JCLP2270490416>3.0.CO;2-G
  41. Graham JR. MMPI-2: Assessing personality and psychopathology: Oxford University Press New York;1993.
  42. Runeson BS, Beskow J, Waern M. The suicidal process in suicides among young people. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 1996;93:35-42. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1996.tb10616.x