DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Status of Meal Serving and Nutritional Quality of Foods Served for Children at Community Child Centers in Korea

지역아동센터의 배식 실태 및 배식량 측정을 통한 영양적 질 평가

  • Kwon, Sooyoun (Dept. of Food & Nutrition, Honam University) ;
  • Yeoh, Yoonjae (Geumcheon-gu Center for Children's Foodservice Management)
  • 권수연 (호남대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 여윤재 (금천구어린이급식관리지원센터)
  • Received : 2015.01.22
  • Accepted : 2015.03.19
  • Published : 2015.04.30

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine portion sizes and nutritional quality of foods served to children at Community Child Centers (CCCs), July 2014, in Korea. A survey was administered to foodservice employees working at CCCs. Thirty-nine participants completed the self-administered questionnaire regarding CCCs foodservice practices. In the weight test, fifteen volunteers of demonstrated typical portion sizes for $5^{th}$ grade elementary school students. Nutrition knowledge scores were significantly different between foodservice employees with experience taking a foodservice class for one year (6.04 out of 10.0 points) and those without experience (4.58 points). Foodservice employees with experience taking a foodservice class scored significantly higher in performing meal serving practices, e.g., wearing a sanitary cap and apron when serving food, than those without experience. The amount of foods served for children did not meet standard serving sizes; portion sizes of rice, soup, main dish, side dish and kimchi served by foodservice employees were 87.3%, 63.2%, 56.5%, 37.1% and 81.3% of standard serving sizes, respectively. When energy and nutrient intakes from portion sizes were calculated, energy, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin and calcium intakes did not meet standards for nutrition control of school meals. However, protein, vitamin C and iron intakes met more than 100.0% of standards. These findings suggest that foodservice employees with experience taking a foodservice class apply their knowledge to foodservice practices. Although portion sizes can influence energy and nutrient intakes in children, the actual portion sizes served by CCCs foodservice employees were inadequate and did not meet standards for serving size and nutrition. Thus, all CCCs foodservice employees need to receive foodservice education and be provided guidelines regarding portion sizes for children.

본 연구는 지역아동센터에서 수행되고 있는 배식 실태 및 영양적 질을 평가하기 위해 2014년 7월에 설문조사 및 배식량 측정 실험을 수행하였다. 지역아동센터 급식관리자 39명이 본 설문조사에 참여하였으며, 이 중 15개소의 지역아동센터에서 근무하는 급식관리자가 배식량 측정 실험에 참여하였다. 설문조사 결과, 응답자의 51.3%가 센터장이었고, 38.5%가 생활복지사였으며, 1년 이내에 급식과 관련한 교육을 수강한 경험이 있는 경우는 69.2%였다. 응답자의 영양 및 위생분야 지식 점수는 10.0점 만점에 5.59점이었다. 응답자 중 교육 수강자의 영양 및 위생분야 지식 점수의 평균은 6.04점, 교육 비수강자의 평균은 4.58점으로 교육 수강 여부에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 지역아동센터에서는 절반 정도가 대면배식(51.3%)으로 배식하고 있었고, 자율배식(23.1%), 개별배식(20.5%) 순이었다. 지역아동센터의 급식관리자들은 센터의 배식량이 적절하다고 생각하고 있었다(3.6점/5점 만점). 지역아동센터 배식 시 위생모 또는 배식용 앞치마를 착용하는 정도에서 교육 수강자와 교육 비수강자 간에 통계적으로 유의하게 차이가 있었으며, 교육 수강자들의 수행도가 높았다. 또한 '지역아동센터를 이용하는 초등학교 5학년 남학생에게 배식을 하는 상황'에 대한 배식량 측정 실험 결과, 메뉴로 제공되는 모든 음식은 배식량 기준을 충족시키지 못하였으며, 밥, 국, 주찬, 부찬, 김치는 배식량 기준 대비 각각 87.3%, 65.2%, 56.5%, 37.1%, 81.3%를 충족시켰다. 측정한 배식량에 대한 영양소 분석을 수행하였으며, 에너지와 비타민 A, 티아민, 리보플라빈, 칼슘은 영양기준 대비 섭취가 충분하지 못한 것으로 나타났으며, 단백질과 비타민C, 철은 영양기준 대비 100.0% 이상을 충족하는 것으로 나타났다. 단백질의 에너지 비율은 권장비율에 해당하였으나, 탄수화물은 72.0%, 지방은 13.3%로 각각의 권장비율인 55~70%, 15~30%에 조금 넘거나, 못 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과, 지역아동센터의 급식 담당자의 교육 수강 여부는 영양 및 위생관련 지식 점수와 배식 서비스의 수행도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 지역아동센터 급식관리자가 배식하는 배식량이 배식량 기준 및 영양기준을 충족시키지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 지역아동센터 급식관리자의 급식관리 수행능력을 향상시키기 위해서는 관련한 교육 기회 제공이 이루어져야 한다. 지역아동센터 급식에서 적절량 배식을 통해 아동의 영양수준을 향상시키기 위해서는 배식량 기준으로 영양관리 지침을 마련하고, 배식의 중요성 및 아동 연령별 적절한 배식량에 대한 교육이 필요하겠다. 아동의 배식량과 관련하여 정부차원에서 이루어진 연구 및 보고에 대해 충분한 홍보가 미흡했으며, 현장에서 활용 방법에 대해 인지하지 못하고 있으므로, 이에 대한 홍보 및 교육이 실시되어야 한다. 본 연구결과는 지역아동센터의 급식관리자의 교육 자료 개발 및 취약 계층 영양 관련한 후속 연구에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Ahn JM, Kim HA (2013) Analysis of relationship between sanitary knowledge and sanitary management performance of school foodservice employees in Gyeongnam. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 42: 1139-1147. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2013.42.7.1139
  2. Bea EJ, Kwon JH, Yoon HJ, Lee SK (2001) Nutritional status of school lunch supported students in an elementary school. J Korean Diet Assoc 7: 349-360.
  3. Chang HW (2007) Analysis of school foodservice employees' performance of sanitation management in Gyeongbuk province. MS Thesis Daegu University Gyeongsan, pp. 1-56.
  4. Croker H, Sweetman C, Cooke L (2009) Mothers' views on portion sizes for children. J Hum Nutr Diet 22: 437-443. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-277X.2009.00969.x
  5. Han JS, Lee YE (2011) Employees' sanitation practice level and sanitation knowledge at school foodservice operations in Chungbuk province. Korean J Human Ecology 20: 37-649.
  6. Hwang JK, Lim JK, Shin YJ, Choi Y, Kim MS, Park YS, Kim SA (2009) Evaluation report of community child centers in 2009. Report of Ministry of Health and Welfare in Korea, Seoul.
  7. Kim MS, Kim HR, Cho AJ, Lee HW, Hong M, Kim HJ (2007) Status on foodservice program for low-income children. Report of National Human Rights Commission of Korea, Seoul.
  8. Kwon SY (2011) Development and evaluation of the support mode for foodservice management of community child centers in Korea. Ph D Dissertation Seoul National University, Seoul.
  9. Kwon SY, Lee KW, Yoon JH (2010) Diet of children under the government-funded meal support program in Korea. Nutr Res Pract 4: 515-521. https://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2010.4.6.515
  10. Lee JS (2014) Food service status at community child care centers in Busan. J Korean Diet Assoc 20: 50-62. https://doi.org/10.14373/JKDA.2014.20.1.50
  11. Lee JY, Yon MY, Lee YJ, Kim WJ (2013) Culinary employees' sanitation management practice levels according to dietitians' sanitation training performance in the institutional foodservice industry in the Chungbuk province. J Korean Soc Food Culture 26: 151-158.
  12. Lee SE, Shim JE, Kwon SY, Yeoh YJ, Yoon JH (2014) Recommendation of serving size of the meal service of Community Child Centers in Korea. Korean J Community Nutr 19: 361-371. https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.4.361
  13. Lee YJ, Lee JY (2010) A study on user satisfaction level in local community child center use-from Ansan city's cases. Korean J 21 Century Social Welfare 7: 53-77.
  14. Ministry of Government Legislation (2014a) Child Welfare Act. http://www.moleg.go.kr. Accessed November 16, 2014.
  15. Ministry of Government Legislation (2014b) Enforcement Decree of Child Welfare Act. http://www.moleg.go.kr. Accessed November 16, 2014.
  16. Ministry of Government Legislation (2014c) Enforcement Rule of The School Meals Act. http://www.moleg.go.kr. Accessed November 16, 2014.
  17. Ministry of Government Legislation (2014d) Enforcement Rule of The Food Sanitation Act. http://www.moleg.go.kr. Accessed November 16, 2014.
  18. Ministry of Health and Welfare (2010) Food Service Management Manual for Child-care Center. Seoul.
  19. Ministry of Health and Welfare (2014) The Child Welfare Program Guide-Guidelines of Foodservice Program for Child, Seoul.
  20. Ministry of Health and Welfare, Headquarters for Community Child Center (2014a) Report of Current Status of Community Child Centers in Korea, Seoul.
  21. Ministry of Health and Welfare, Headquarters for Community Child Center (2014b) Manual for management of community child centers in Korea, Seoul.
  22. Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services (2013) Family style meals in child care, USA.
  23. Park NY, Choi YS (2008) Nutritional status of school lunchsupported elementary school children in Gyeongbuk rural area. J Nutr Health 41: 341-352.
  24. Park TJ, Park HW, Lee HY (2010) How does the community child center work? J Korean Soc Child Welfare 33: 75-109.
  25. Shim JE, Yoon JH, Lee KW, Kwon SY (2009) Evaluation ofdietary intake of Korean school-aged children from lowincomefamilies by comparing with the Korean food guide:Analysis of the data from the 2001 National Health andNutrition Survey. Korean J Nutr 42: 691-701. https://doi.org/10.4163/kjn.2009.42.8.691
  26. Song IS, Chae IS (2008) The analysis of the school foodservice employees' knowledge and performance degree of HACCP system in Jeju. J Nutr Health 41: 870-886.
  27. Suh HJ, Rho SH (2013) Children-youths and parents' selection criteria of community children's center. Korean J Youth Studies 20: 167-189.
  28. United States Department of Agriculture (2014) A Child and Adult Care Food Program Handbook. http://www.fns.usda.gov/cacfp/cacfp-handbooks. Assessed November 16, 2014.
  29. Yi NY, Lee KE, Park JY (2009) Evaluation of foodservice workers' food safety knowledge and practices at senior welfare centers. Korean J Food Cook Sci 25: 677-689.
  30. Yoon JH (2011) Study on contents development to support safety management in foodservice for children, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Seoul.

Cited by

  1. 지역아동센터를 이용하는 아동을 위한 급식 및 요리활동 프로그램의 적용효과 평가 vol.26, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.17495/easdl.2016.6.26.3.223
  2. 충북지역 취약계층 아동을 위한 가정배달 반찬도시락의 섭취현황 및 만족도 vol.29, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2016.29.5.716
  3. 대구·경북지역 지역아동센터 급식시설 운영 실태조사 vol.27, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.17495/easdl.2017.8.27.4.459
  4. 지역아동센터 급식관리 질 향상을 위한 니즈 분석 vol.30, pp.4, 2017, https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2017.30.4.749
  5. Evaluation of Dietary Behavior and Nutritional Status of Children at Community Child Center in Busan Area Using Nutrition Quotient vol.34, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.9724/kfcs.2018.34.4.424
  6. A Study on Actual Usage, the Recognition and Attitude of the Korean Traditional Jang: Children's Feeding Facilities and Homes in Seoul Area vol.24, pp.9, 2018, https://doi.org/10.20878/cshr.2018.24.9.012
  7. The Effect of Occupational Stress on Turnover Intention by Employee of Children Catering Service: Focused on the Mediating Effect of Sense of Calling vol.24, pp.10, 2018, https://doi.org/10.20878/cshr.2018.24.10.005
  8. Effect of the Developmental Trajectory of Self- Esteem of Children in Community Child Centers on Their Sense of Community vol.39, pp.6, 2015, https://doi.org/10.5723/kjcs.2018.39.6.15
  9. Who are the Assistant Cooks at the Community Child Centers in South Korea? Focus Group Interviews with Workfare Program Participants vol.26, pp.4, 2020, https://doi.org/10.4094/chnr.2020.26.4.445