The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education (한국간호교육학회지)

The Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education (한국간호교육학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

State Anger, Depression, Resilience and Self-esteem According to School Violence Type of Elementary School Students

초등학생의 학교폭력 유형에 따른 상태분노, 우울, 자아탄력성, 자아존중감

  • 이용미 (강원대학교 춘천캠퍼스 간호학과) ;
  • 박소영 (신한대학교 간호대학) ;
  • 최명희 (강원대학교 춘천캠퍼스 간호학과)
  • Received : 2015.02.26
  • Accepted : 2015.05.06
  • Published : 2015.05.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in the states of anger, depression, resilience and self-esteem according to type of school violence involving elementary school students. Methods: The participants were 257 elementary school students in the 4th, 5th and 6th grades. Data was collected by structured questionnaires, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficients with the SPSS/WIN 20.0 program. Results: There were significant differences among the states of anger (Fs=16.66, p<.001), depression (Fs=18.04, p<.001), resilience (F=12.77, p<.001) and self-esteem (F=10.39, p<.001) according to the type of school violence. Of all the groups, bully-victim exhibited the highest score for anger and depression, and the lowest score for resilience and self-esteem. Conclusion: Based on the findings, developing intervention programs that consider the psychological characteristics of elementary school students is necessary. Also, the results of this study suggest that integrative programs for students that can enhance resilience and self-esteem, such as self-discovery programs, and reduce anger, such as anger control programs, need to be developed.

Keywords

References

  1. Bae, J. H., Park, H. J., & Yang, M. K. (2012). Effects of a discovery Program for ego resilience, self-esteem, stress and depression in elementary school student. Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 21(3), 210-219. https://doi.org/10.12934/jkpmhn.2012.21.3.210
  2. Bell, T., Romano, E., & Flynn, R. J. (2013). Multilevel correlates of behavioral resilience among children in child welfare. Child Abuse & Neglect, 37(11), 1007-1020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.07.005
  3. Block, J. H., & Kremen, A. M. (1996). IQ and ego-resiliency: Clarifying their conceptual and empirical linkage and separateness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(2), 349-361. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.70.2.349
  4. Busan Ilbo. (2013, March 7). The way to protect my children fr om school violence. Retrieved December 10, 2014, from http://news20.busan.com/controller/newsController.jsp?newsId=20130306000024.
  5. Chang, E. J., Seo, M. J., & Jung, C. H. (2001). The study of relation to variables related to children's depression and parents' depression. Journal of the Korean academy of child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 12(2), 245-255.
  6. Cho, J. S., & Cha, M. H. (2010). Create a non-violent, peaceful schools: school violence, led to the reconciliation procedure and coping skills Guidebook. Seoul: Hakjisa.
  7. Cho, S. C., & Lee, Y. S. (1990). Development of the Korean form of the Kovacs' children's depression inventory. Journal of the Korean Neuropsychiatric Association, 29(4), 943-956.
  8. Choi, Y. H., Park, Y. Y., Park, I. J., & Shin, M. S. (2002). Relationships between children's depression and anxiety and their self-esteem and emotional intelligence. Journal of the Korean Home Management Association, 20(2), 203-214.
  9. Chon, K. K., Hahn, D. W., Lee, C. H., & Spielberger, C. D. (1997). Korean adaptation of the state-trait anger expression inventory: Anger and blood pressure. Korean Journal of Health Psychology, 2(1), 60-78.
  10. Han, I. Y., Park, M. S., Yoo, S. K., & Kim, K. H. (2008). National survey of experience of school violence at elementary school: Retrospective reports by adults. Korean Journal of Child Studies, 29(1), 155-167.
  11. Hong, S. J. (2011). The relationship between school-age children's level of household income and school adjustment: The mediating effect of ego-resilience. Unpublished master's thesis, Graduate school of Daegu Catholic University, Daegu.
  12. Jennifer, S., & Natalie, C. A. (2008). The Effects of Childhood Stress on Health Across the Lifespan. Project Report. Atlanta: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
  13. Jeon, B. J. (1974). Self-esteem: A test of its measurability. Yonsei Nonchong, 1, 107-130.
  14. Kim, J. H. (2005). Types of the bully, the victim and bully/victim of school violence and emotional and behavioral problem and relations of social competence. Unpublished master's thesis, Sookmyung women's university, Seoul.
  15. Kovacs, M. (1983). The children's depression inventory: A self-rated depression scale for school-based youngsters. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh.
  16. Lee, E. H., & Park, H. O. (2014). Effects of school violence experience on the school adjustment of youth: The role of self-esteem and social support. Korean Journal of Youth Studies, 21(2), 399-426.
  17. Lee, H. K., & Kim, H. W. (2001). Social and psychological variables predicting elementary students' school bullying behaviors: On the bases of their gender and grade. Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology, 15(1), 117-138.
  18. Lee, M. K., & Hong, S. H. (2007). Development of a cognitive-behavioral anger control program and it's effects on elementary school children under the anger-Inducing situation. Korean Journal of Sport Psychology: School, 4(11), 1-22.
  19. Mendelson, T., Turner, K. A., & Tandon, S. D. (2010). Violence exposure and depressive symptoms among adolescents and young adults disconnected from school and work. Journal of Community Psychology, 38(5), 607-621. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.20384
  20. Moon, Y. L., Kim, J. H., Im, Y. S., Kwak, K. J., Choi, J. Y., Park, B. S., et al. (2006). School violence prevention and counseling. Seoul: Hakjisa.
  21. Muris, P., Meesters, C., Morren, M., & Moorman, L. (2004). Anger and hostility in adolescents: Relationships with self-reported attachment style and perceived parental rearing styles. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 57, 257-264. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3999(03)00616-0
  22. Olweus, D. (1986). The Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire. Mimeo. Bergen, Norway: University of Bergen.
  23. Park, Y. J., Park, E. S., Kim, S. J., Yang, S. S., Shin, H. J., Im, H. S., et al. (2005). Anger and health status in late school-age children. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing, 35(5), 888-895. https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2005.35.5.888
  24. Perry, D., G., Williard, J. C., & Perry, L. C. (1990). Peer's perception of the consequences that victimized children provide aggressors. Child Development, 61, 1310-1325. https://doi.org/10.2307/1130744
  25. Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  26. Son, W. K. (1998). A study on bully/victim students' social support perception in middle school. Unpublished master's thesis, Dong-A university, Pusan.
  27. Song, D. H., Sung, J. H., & Song, J. E. (2004). Emotional and behavioral factors relating adolescent delinquency in community. Journal of the Korean Neuropsychiatric Association, 43 (1), 68-74.
  28. Spielberger, C. D., Krasner, S. S., & Solomon, E. P. (1988). The experience, expression, and control of anger. In M. P. Janisse (Ed.), Health psychology: Individual differences and stress. New York: Springer-Verlag.
  29. Yang, Y. K., & Lee, C. S. (2009). The effects of a school violence prevention program on school violence attitudes, anger, and aggression in middle school students. Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 18(4), 369-378.
  30. Yoo, S. L., Eurm, H. J., & Park, J. G. (2011). The role of ego-resilience in associations between self-efficacy, stress, and self-esteem in elementary physical education setting. Korean Journal of Sport Psychology, 22(4), 169-182.