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Effects of Die Temperature and CO2 Injection on Physical Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Extruded Rice with Tomato Flour

사출구 온도와 CO2 주입이 쌀·토마토 압출성형물의 물리적 특성 및 항산화 활성에 미치는 영향

  • An, Sang-Hee (Department of Food Science and Technology, Kongju National University) ;
  • Ryu, Gi-Hyung (Department of Food Science and Technology, Kongju National University)
  • Received : 2015.02.17
  • Accepted : 2015.04.07
  • Published : 2015.06.30

Abstract

The study was designed to investigate the effects of die temperature and $CO_2$ injection on the physical and antioxidant properties of extruded rice with tomato flour. Moisture content and screw speed were fixed at 25% and 150 rpm, respectively. Die temperatures and $CO_2$ injection were adjusted to 80, 110, and $140^{\circ}C$ and 0, and 300 mL/min, respectively. Specific mechanical energy input decreased as die temperature increased from 80 to $140^{\circ}C$. The expansion index increased, while bulk density decreased with $CO_2$ injection. All extrudates showed increased water soluble index (WSI) and water absorption index through the extrusion process. WSI increased as die temperature increased. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity and total phenolic compounds increased as die temperature increased from 80 to $140^{\circ}C$. Total carotenoid and lycopene contents decreased through the extrusion process. Total carotenoid and lycopene contents upon 0 mL/min $CO_2$ injection and $140^{\circ}C$ die temperature were highest at $6.65{\mu}g/g$ and 2.69 mg/kg, respectively. In conclusion, $CO_2$ injection affects expansion properties while an increased die temperature leads to increased DPPH radical scavenging activity and total phenols.

본 연구는 사출구 온도와 $CO_2$ 주입이 쌀 토마토 압출성형의 물리적 및 항산화 활성에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 압출성형 조건은 수분 함량 25%, 스크루 회전속도 150 rpm으로 고정하였고, 사출구 온도 80, 110, $140^{\circ}C$$CO_2$ 주입량 0, 300 mL/min으로 조절하였다. 비기계적 에너지는 사출구 온도가 증가할수록 감소하였으며 $CO_2$ 주입을 하였을 때 직경 팽화율은 증가하였다. 사출구 온도가 증가할수록 직경팽화율과 비길이는 증가하였으며 체적밀도는 $CO_2$ 주입에 따라 감소하였다. 수분용해지수와 수분흡착지수는 압출성형 후 모두 증가하였으며 사출구 온도가 증가함에 따라 압출성형물의 수분용해지수도 증가하였다. 명도는 토마토 분말을 첨가하지 않았을 때 가장 높았으며, 적색도와 황색도는 토마토 분말을 첨가하였을 때 높게 나타났다. DPPH 라디칼 소거능은 압출성형 후 모두 증가하였다. 토마토 분말을 첨가하였을 때 사출구 온도 $140^{\circ}C$, $CO_2$ 주입량 300 mL/min에서 59.41%로 가장 높았으며, $CO_2$ 주입에 따른 유의적인 영향은 없었으나 사출구 온도가 증가함에 따라 증가하였다. 압출성형후 총 페놀 함량도 증가하였으며 사출구 온도가 높아짐에 따라 증가하였다. 토마토 분말을 첨가하였을 때 사출구 온도 $140^{\circ}C$, $CO_2$ 주입량 0 mL/min에서 16.11 mg/g으로 가장 높았다. 총 카로티노이드와 라이코펜 함량은 압출성형 후 감소하였으나 사출구 온도가 $80^{\circ}C$보다 고온인 $140^{\circ}C$에서 함량이 높게 나타났다. 총 카로티노이드와 라이코펜 함량은 토마토 분말을 첨가하여 사출구 온도 $140^{\circ}C$, $CO_2$ 주입량 0 mL/min으로 압출성형 하였을 때 각각 $6.65{\mu}g/g$과 2.69 mg/kg으로 가장 높았다. 결론적으로 $CO_2$ 주입에 따른 압출 성형은 쌀 토마토의 팽화 특성 변화에 영향을 미치며, 사출구 온도의 증가에 따라 DPPH 라디칼 소거능 및 총 페놀 함량이 증가되었다.

Keywords

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