DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Numerical study on the thermal performance characteristics of the stack system for FCEV

연료전지 자동차용 스택 시스템의 열적 성능 특성에 관한 수치적 연구

  • 이호성 (자동차부품연구원 열제어시스템 연구센터) ;
  • 이무연 (동아대학교 기계공학과) ;
  • 원종필 (자동차부품연구원 열제어시스템 연구센터)
  • Received : 2015.05.27
  • Accepted : 2015.06.11
  • Published : 2015.06.30

Abstract

The objective of this study is to numerically investigate the heat transfer rate for evaluating the thermal performances of the stack thermal system using the commercial software. In order to perform this, the cooling performances of the stack system for fuel cell electric vehicle were tested under both driving road conditions including the general driving road and uphill driving road and operating conditions with and without of the air conditioning system. The heat transfer rate of the stack radiator for the stack system was increased with the increase of the inlet air flow velocity. The heat transfer rate of the stack radiator increased by 105.3% at the coolant flow rate of 20 l/min and 221.3% at the coolant flow rate of 120 l/min with the increase of the air flow velocity from 2 m/s to 10 m/s. $9.45^{\circ}C$ of inlet coolant temperature of the stack radiator at the severe driving condition of the slope of 8% and velocity of 50 km/h showed higher 85.3% than $5.1^{\circ}C$ of inlet coolant temperature at the general driving condition of the slope of 0% and velocity of 120 km/h. In addition, as the fuel cell electric vehicle with the air conditioning system operation was driving under severe uphill driving condition, the radiator coolant temperature for a stable stack operation could be exceeded over $70^{\circ}C$.

본 연구의 목적은 연료전지 자동차의 스택 시스템의 열적 특성을 파악하기 위하여 상용 수치 해석 프로그램을 이용하여 열전달 성능을 해석적으로 고찰하였다. 이를 위하여 연료전지 자동차가 일반도로 및 등판도로 등 주행 특성에 따른 스택 열관리 시스템의 냉각 특성과 에어컨의 작동 여부 등 운전 특성에 따른 스택 열관리 시스템의 냉각 특성을 고찰하였다. 스택 라디에이터로 유입되는 공기 유속이 증가함에 따라 모든 냉각수 유량조건에서 열전달 성능은 향상되었다. 공기 유속이 2 m/s에서 10 m/s로 증가함에 따라 스택 라디에이터의 열전달 성능은 냉각수 유량 20 l/min에서 105.3% 증가하였고, 냉각수 유량 120 l/min에서 221.3% 증가하였다. 스택 라디에이터는 가혹조건인 등판 각도 8% 및 속도 50 km/h에서 냉각수 입구 온도차 $9.45^{\circ}C$로 일반조건인 등판 각도 0% 및 속도 120 km/h에서 냉각수 입구 온도차인 $5.1^{\circ}C$보다 85.3% 증가했다. 또한, 연료전지 자동차가 가혹조건인 등판 주행시 에어컨 시스템을 작동할 경우 스택의 안정적 작동을 허용하는 한계 온도인 $70^{\circ}C$를 초과할 수 있다.

Keywords

References

  1. D. H. Lim, M. Y. Lee, H. S. Lee, S. C. Kim, "Performance Evaluation of an In-Wheel Motor Cooling System in an Electric Vehicle/Hybrid Electric Vehicle", Energies, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 961-971, 2014. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en7020961
  2. J. H. Seo, Y. M. Bang, L. S. Seo, M. Y. Lee, "Heat Transfer Characteristics of the Heat Pipe using Simplified Heat Transfer Model", Trans. of KAIS, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 15-20, 2015. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2015.16.1.15
  3. H. S. Lee, M. Y. Lee, "Cooling Performance Characteristics on Mobile Air-Conditioning System for Hybrid Electric Vehicles", Advances in Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 2013, pp. 1-9, 2013.
  4. H. S. Lee, J. P. Won, C. W. Cho, Y. C. Kim, M. Y. Lee, "Heating Performance Characteristics of Stack Coolant Source Heat Pump using R744 for Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles", Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, Vol. 26, No. 7, pp. 2065-2071, 2012. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12206-012-0516-2
  5. J. C. Park, K. D. Baik, S. C. Kim, M. S. Kim, J. P. Won, "Studies on the Performance of a Stack Cooling System Using Air Conditioner Unit for Fuel Cell Vehicles", KSAE 2008 Annual Conference, pp. 1967-1970, 2008.
  6. T. Yamashita, T. Ishikawa, H. Shimonosono, M. Yamada, M. Iwasaki, "The Development of the Cooling System for FCV", 2004 JAMA Annual Conference, No. 88-04, 2004.
  7. Y. R. Back, 1999, "A Design Program for Cooling System of Vehicle(KULI)", Journal of the KSME, Vol. 39, No. 5, pp. 26-27
  8. http://www.kuli-software.com/
  9. S. C. Kim, J. P. Won, Y. S. Park, T. W. Lim, M. S. Kim, "Performance evaluation of a stack cooling system using CO2 air conditioning system in fuel cell vehicles", International Journal of Refrigeration, Vol. 32, pp. 70-77, 2009. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2008.07.003
  10. H. S. Lee, J. P. Won, S. C. Kim, C. G. Cho, Y. S. Park, S. K. Kim, "Study on Performance Analysis and Evaluation of Stack Cooling System for Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle", KSAE 2008 Annual Conference, KSAE-A0424, 2008.
  11. H. S. Lee, J. P. Won, C. W. CHo, D. H . Lee, Y. S. Park, S. K. Kim, "A Study on Analytic Approach for Stack Cooling Performance Improvement of Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle", KSAE 2009 Annual Conference, 2009 KSAE, pp. 3007-3013, 2009.
  12. J. G. Kim, W. H. Jeon, J. H. Cho, "Engine Room Layout Design Optimization of Fuel Cell Vehicle Using CFD Technique", Transactions of KSAE, Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 99-106, 2011.

Cited by

  1. Cooling Performance Characteristics of the Stack Thermal Management System for Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles under Actual Driving Conditions vol.9, pp.5, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3390/en9050320