The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science (농약과학회지)

The Korean Society of Pesticide Science (한국농약과학회)
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Insecticidal Effect of an Entomopathogenic Fungus, Beauveria bassiana ANU1 to Spodoptera exigua and Plutella xylostella by Different Temperature and Humidity Conditions

파밤나방과 배추좀나방에 대한 곤충병원성 곰팡이 Beauveria bassiana ANU1의 온도와 습도조건에 따른 살충효과

  • Lee, Jung-Bok (Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University) ;
  • Park, Youngjin (Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University)
  • 이중복 (안동대학교 자연과학대학 생명자원과학과) ;
  • 박영진 (안동대학교 자연과학대학 생명자원과학과)
  • Received : 2015.03.27
  • Accepted : 2015.06.16
  • Published : 2015.06.30
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Abstract

Entomopathogenic fungi have been studied to develop for biological control agents as an alternative to chemical control agents in insect pest management. Two Lepidopteran insects, Spodoptera exigua and Plutella xylostella, are serious insect pests infested various crops, but not effectively controlled by commercial chemical pesticides due to its high insecticide resistance. A fungal isolate was isolated from S. exigua larvae collected from green onion field in Andong, Korea. To identify the fungal isolate, 18srRNA sequence for internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and ${\beta}$-tubulin regions were sequenced. The ITS and ${\beta}$-tubulin sequence were highly matched to Beauveria bassiana and morphological characteristics also was fit to known B. bassiana. Finally, isolated fungus has identified as B. bassiana and named B. bassiana ANU1. The result of bioassay, median lethal concentrations were $2.7{\times}10^3$ and $0.9{\times}10^3conidia/ml$ and medial lethal times were 65.6 and 60.8 h to S. exigua and P. xylostella, respectively. B. bassiana ANU1 showed high pathogenicity to two insect pests from $20^{\circ}C$ to $30^{\circ}C$ at 50% relative humidity (RH) and more than 40% RH at $25^{\circ}C$ with $10^7conidia/ml$ of concentration.

해충방제에 있어서 곤충병원성 곰팡이는 화학농약을 대체할 수 있는 생물학적 방제인자로써 개발하기 위한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 나비목의 파밤나방과 배추좀나방 유충은 다양한 작물에 피해를 주는 주요 해충이지만 다양한 살충제에 대한 높은 저항성으로 인해 효과적인 방제가 이루어지지 않고 있다. 안동에 위치한 파재배지에서 채집한 파밤나방 유충에서 곰팡이 균주를 분리하였고, 이 균주의 형태적 특성과 분자생물학적 특성에 관하여 동정하였다. 그 결과, 기존의 Beauveria bassiana와 동일함을 확인하였고, B. bassiana ANU1으로 명명하였다. B. bassiana ANU1의 병원성 조사는 파밤나방과 배추좀나방 2령 유충을 대상으로 수행하였다. 파밤나방과 배추좀나방에 대한 반수치사농도는 각각 $2.7{\times}10^3$과 $0.9{\times}10^3conidia/ml$이었으며, 반수치사시간은 각각 65.6과 60.8시간으로 조사되었다. 또한 B. bassiana ANU1는 상대습도 50% 조건에서 일정온도 ($20^{\circ}C-30^{\circ}C$)와 $25^{\circ}C$의 온도에서 40%-70%의 습도조건에 노출되었을 때 $10^7conidia/ml$의 농도에서 파밤나방과 배추좀나방 유충을 대상으로 높은 병원성을 나타내었다.

Keywords

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