Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society (기술혁신학회지)

Korea Technology Innovation Society (한국기술혁신학회)
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The Effect of Centralities of Alliance Network on Innovation Performace in Korean Defense Industry

한국 방위산업 제휴네트워크 중심성이 혁신성과에 미치는 영향

  • 안호일 (국방기술품질원, 성균관대학교 기술경영학과) ;
  • 김창완 (계명대학교 산학협력단) ;
  • 이희상 (성균관대학교 기술경영학과)
  • Received : 2015.03.16
  • Accepted : 2015.05.10
  • Published : 2015.06.30
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Abstract

As modern science and technology and warfare become to be advanced and precise, the weapon systems becomes more complex based on state-of-the-art technology. Therefore, firms in the defense industry continue to accelerate research and development for up-to-date weapon systems with high complexity which urge the firms to collaborate with the external organizations to obtain the knowledge required and eventually to reduce costs and risk. This study tries an empirical study about the effect of collaboration on the innovation performances from the network analysis perspective. By surveying collaboration relationships among 530 firms in the Korean defense industry, we analyzed the alliance network of the defense industry. Network centrality including degree, closeness, and betweenness centralities is investigated and then the relationship among the network centrality property, internal R&D capabilities and innovation is analysed. The results show that firms with high internal R&D capabilities place the firm at center of the network. On the other hand, except for the firms with highly connected centrality, no relationship was found between the internal R&D capabilities and its performance and in turn. these capabilities had both direct and indirect effects on innovation performances through mediated collaboration among firms. This study implied that Korean firms with a high internal R&D capabilities in the defense industry which utilize knowledge, information and resources within the network more frequently show more innovative performance. This result claims the policy makers to participate more firms in fostering open innovation for the defense industry.

과학기술의 발전과 더불어 현대전의 무기체계는 정밀 고도화되어 첨단기술을 필수적으로 요구한다. 이러한 복잡도가 높은 무기체계를 연구개발하는 방위산업 기업들은 협력을 통하여 다양하게 요구되는 지식정보에 대응하고 개발비용을 절감하고 위험을 분산시킨다. 본 논문은 방위산업분야에서 선제적으로 요구되는 협력과 기업에서의 혁신성과 및 내부 R&D역량과의 관계에 대한 실증연구를 수행하였다. 한국의 방위산업 관련기업 530개에 대한 협력관계를 조사하여 방위산업 제휴네트워크 분석을 수행하였다. 네트워크의 연결, 근접, 매개 중심성을 분석하고, 내부R&D역량에 따른 네트워크 중심성의 특성과 혁신성과의 관계를 구조방정식을 이용하여 네트워크 중심성의 간접효과를 분석하였다. 내부R&D역량이 높은 기업이 네트워크중심에 위치하나, 연결중심성이 높은 기업을 제외하고는 기업의 성과와는 무관하였으며 기업의 내부R&D역량은 혁신성과에 직접적인 영향을 미칠 뿐만 아니라 기업 간 협력을 매개로 혁신성과에 간접적으로도 영향을 미쳤다. 따라서 한국의 방위산업기업 중 내부R&D역량이 높은 기업은 네트워크내의 지식, 정보, 자원을 활용하는 것이 혁신성과에 더 유리한 것으로 분석된다. 이러한 연구결과는 방위산업 기업들이 혁신성과의 향상을 위해 내부R&D만에 의존하기보다 다양한 기관들과의 개방형 혁신활동에 주도적으로 참여할 수 있도록 정책 수립이 되어야 할 필요성을 제기한다.

Keywords

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