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Eco-floristic Characters of Vegetation in Successional Stages of Abandoned Paddy Fields

휴경연차에 따른 묵논 식생의 생태식물상 특성

  • Shim, In-Su (Woosung Engineering Group Inc.) ;
  • Kim, Jong-Bong (Dept. of Biomedical Science, Catholic University of Daegu) ;
  • Jung, Yong-Kyoo (Dept. of Biomedical Science, Catholic University of Daegu) ;
  • Park, In-Hwan (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kim, Myung-Hyun (National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Shin, Hyun-Seon (Climate Change Team, Rural Development of Administration) ;
  • Cho, Kwang-Jin (Eco-database Research Department, National Institute of Ecology)
  • 심인수 ((주)우성기술단) ;
  • 김종봉 (대구가톨릭대학교 의생명과학과) ;
  • 정용규 (대구가톨릭대학교 의생명과학과) ;
  • 박인환 (경북대학교 조경학과) ;
  • 김명현 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 신현선 (농촌진흥청 연구운영과) ;
  • 조광진 (국립생태원 생태정보연구부)
  • Received : 2015.06.02
  • Accepted : 2015.08.28
  • Published : 2015.08.31

Abstract

Abandoned paddy field provides an excellent opportunity to improve the species diversity and habitat quality. Ecological characteristic on the changing of plant communities at different seral stages is a major basis data for ecological restoration. In this study, we investigated changes of the species composition and community indices on the plant community associated with abandonment of cultivated rice paddies. The ecological stability of the habitat was evaluated by using eco-floristic characters(Di; Disturbance index, AUI; Actual urbanization index). Survey sites were grouped into six stages(stageI (${\leq}3years$), stageII(3-5years), stageIII(5-7years), stageIV(7-10years), stageV(10-15years), stageVI(${\geq}20years$). Vegetation investigation was done from May 2009 to October 2012 and carried out phytosociological approach. The total flora were summarized as 176 taxa including 58 families, 127 genera, 157 species, 3 subspecies, 15 varieties and 1 forms. At each of successional stages, 64 taxa in stage I, 34 taxa in stage II, 84 taxa in stage III, 83 taxa in stage IV, 92 taxa in stage V, 23 taxa in stage VI were identified. Of the occurrence plants, the species with the highest r-NCD value were Alopecurus aequalis, Juncus effuusus var. decipiens, Persicaria thunbergii, Artemisia princeps, Salix koreensis and Alnus japonica at each stages. Herbaceous annual plants were dominated in the early stage, but its r-NCD value declined in the middle stage and the late stage. On the other hand, herbaceous perennial plants and Persicaria thunbergii, annual hydrophytes, increases in the middle stage. Woody plant and herbaceous plant which appeared in the forest edge increases in the late stage. Community indices correlate with successional stages. Richness and diversity index increase along the successional gradient. But dominance index decrease along the successional gradient. Evenness index was correlated with lower. In the ecological stability analysis of the habitat that evaluated by eco-floristic characters, stage I was the most unstable habitat. And the stability of the habitat has improved according to the successional stage.

묵논은 농촌경관에 있어 종다양성 및 서식지의 질적 향상에 훌륭한 기회를 제공해주며, 연차별 식물군락의 변화에 대한 생태적 특성은 생태복원의 주요한 기초자료가 된다. 본 연구에서는 휴경연차에 따라 변화하는 식물군락의 종조성, 군집지수 그리고 생태식물상 특성을 분석하여 서식지의 안정성을 평가하였다. 묵논의 휴경연차를 6단계(I단계: 3년 이하, II단계: 3년 초과 5년 이하, III단계: 5년 초과 7년 이하, IV단계: 7년 초과 10년 이하, V단계: 10년 초과 15년 이하, VI단계: 15년 초과)로 구분하였다. 식생조사는 2009년 5월부터 2012년 10월에 걸쳐 수행하였고 기본적으로 식물사회적적 방법에 따라 이루어졌다. 조사지역에서 확인된 식물종은 58과 127속 157종 3아종 15변종 1품종으로 총 176분류군이 확인되었다. 그리고 천이 단계별로 I단계에서 64분류군, II단계에서 34분류군, III단계에서 84분류군, IV단계에서 83분류군, V단계에서 92분류군, VI단계에서 23분류군이 확인되었다. 출현 식물종 가운데 뚝새풀, 골풀, 고마리, 쑥, 버드나무, 오리나무가 각 천이 단계에서 가장 높은 상대기여도를 나타내었다. 천이 초기단계에는 1년생 초본들이 높은 출현 빈도를 나타내다가 천이가 진행됨에 따라 천이 중기에는 기존에 출현했던 1년생 초본식물의 출현빈도가 낮아지고 다년생초본식물과 1년생 수생식물인 고마리의 출현빈도가 높아졌다. 천이 후반에는 목본성 식물과 산지 임연부에서 나타나는 초본성 식물종들의 출현빈도가 높게 나타났다. 모든 군집지수는 식생의 천이진행과 관련이 있었다. 풍부도와 다양도는 천이가 진행됨에 따라 증가하는 경향이 나타났고 균등도는 천이와의 상관성이 다소 낮은 것으로 분석되었다. 우점도는 천이가 진행됨에 따라 낮아지는 경향을 나타내었다. 서식지의 생태적 안정성은 I단계가 가장 불안정한 상태이며 천이가 진행될수록 안정성을 찾아가는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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