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Study on Quality Characteristics of Korean Traditional Kukhwaju by Addition of Dried Chrysanthemum indicum L. Extract into Mash

건조된 감국 열수추출물의 첨가 방법에 따른 국화주의 특성 연구

  • Bang, Byung-Ho (Department of Food and Nutrition, Eulji University) ;
  • Paik, Jean Kyung (Department of Food and Nutrition, Eulji University) ;
  • Choi, Jea Young (Department of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University) ;
  • Jeong, Eun-Ja (Department of Food and Nutrition, Eulji University) ;
  • Rhee, Moon-Soo (Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology) ;
  • Yi, Dong-Heui (Department of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University)
  • 방병호 (을지대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 백진경 (을지대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 최재영 (건국대학교 생물공학과) ;
  • 정은자 (을지대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 이문수 (한국생명공학연구원) ;
  • 이동희 (건국대학교 생물공학과)
  • Received : 2015.06.04
  • Accepted : 2015.06.22
  • Published : 2015.09.30

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of addition of Chrysanthemum indicum L. extracts on quality characteristics of Kukhwju during fermentation. Fermented liquors without C. indicum L. were used as the control group. For experimental groups, we added 1, 2, 5, and 10% C. indicum L. extracts and brewed according to the addition method written in Yorok. The pH level during fermentation phase, alcohol concentration, level of reducing sugars, and acidity were measured in each of the experimental groups. After fermentation, we measured total contents of phenols, antioxidant effects, free sugars, organic acids, and chromaticity. During fermentation, no significant difference was observed between the C. indicum L. group and control group. Regarding total phenol contents and antioxidant effects, only the 5% and 10% C. indicum L. groups showed higher contents of phenols than the non-addition group. In general, 5% and 10% C. indicum L. addition groups were positively evaluated. In conclusion, Kukhwaju with 10% C. indicum L. extract showed the best antioxidant effects. In the present study, we obtained different characteristics and determined the optimum addition amount of C. indicum L.

본 연구에서는 요록에 기록되어 있는 양조법으로 감국 열수 추출물 첨가량을 달리하여 국화주를 제조하고 그에 따른 품질 특성의 연구를 목적으로 pH, 알코올 농도, 산도, 환원당함량, 총 페놀 함량과 DPPH radical 소거 활성 능력을 측정하였으며, 유리당, 유기산 함량 분석, 색도 측정을 통한 이화학적 실험을 하였다. pH 측정 실험에서는 감국 열수추출물이 투입되지 않은 control을 제외한 각각의 시료가 pH 5.0이상에서 발효가 시작되어 2일이 경과한 때에 급격하게 pH 3.5까지 낮아졌다. 이후 pH 3.5에서 pH 3.9 사이에서 큰 변화 없이 발효가 끝날 때까지 유지하였다. 산도는 lactic acid(%)로 나타내었으며 pH 수치와는 반대로 1일이 경과하였을 때 급격히 상승하였다. 이후 pH 수치와 마찬가지로 급격한 변화를 보이다가 4일이 경과하면서 반응이 완만해졌다. pH와 산도 측정에서는 감국 열수추출물을 투입하지 않은 시료와 투입한 시료와의 차이가 크지 않았다. 알코올 농도의 변화에서는 4일이 경과할 때까지 급격히 상승하였으나 이후로는 완만하게 상승하여 6일 이후로는 그 상태를 유지하였다. 이는 환원당의 함량 변화와 반비례하며 4일이 경과 한 후로는 반응이 완만해졌다. 알코올 농도와 환원당 함량의 변화 역시 pH와 산도에서의 변화처럼 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 총 페놀 함량은 gallic acid(mg/L)로 나타내었으며 감국 열수추출물의 첨가량이 일정량 이상일 경우에만 감국 열수추출물 비첨가군보다 총 페놀 함량이 높게 측정되었다. 실험으로 감국 열수추출물의 첨가로 양조한 국화주의 항산화 효과를 증대시키려면 5% 이상을 넣어야 효과를 볼 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 유리당은 모든 시료에서는 arabinose가 가장 많이 함유되어 있는 것으로 나타났으며, glucose와 maltose, xylose는 소량으로 함유되어 있고 mannose는 5%, 10% 감국 열수추출물을 첨가한 국화주만 함유되어 있었다. 유기산 측정 시 감국 열수추출물 양에 비례해서 대체로 증가로 나타났다. 본 실험의 결과를 토대로 감국의 기능성 측면의 심도 있는 연구가 필요할 거라 생각되며 이는 감국을 이용한 식품개발에 있어서도 좋은 기초자료가 될 것이라 생각한다.

Keywords

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