The Korean Journal of Mycology (한국균학회지)

The Korean Society of Mycology (한국균학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Diversity of Mycotoxigenic Fusarium armeniacum Isolated from Rice Grains at Harvest Time in Korea

수확기 벼 이삭에서 분리된 진균독소 생성 Fusarium armeniacum의 다양성

  • Hong, Sung Kee (Microbial Safety Team, National Academy of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Lee, Soohyung (Microbial Safety Team, National Academy of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Lee, Theresa (Microbial Safety Team, National Academy of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Ham, Hyeonheui (Microbial Safety Team, National Academy of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Mun, Hye Yeon (Microbial Safety Team, National Academy of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Choi, Hyo Won (Crop Protection Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Son, Seung-Wan (Horticultural Research Division, Chungcheongnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Ryu, Jae-Gee (Microbial Safety Team, National Academy of Agricultural Science)
  • 홍성기 (국립농업과학원 유해생물팀) ;
  • 이수형 (국립농업과학원 유해생물팀) ;
  • 이데레사 (국립농업과학원 유해생물팀) ;
  • 함현희 (국립농업과학원 유해생물팀) ;
  • 문혜연 (국립농업과학원 유해생물팀) ;
  • 최효원 (국립농업과학원 작물보호과) ;
  • 손승완 (충남농업기술원 원예연구과) ;
  • 류재기 (국립농업과학원 유해생물팀)
  • Received : 2015.08.05
  • Accepted : 2015.09.23
  • Published : 2015.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

A total of 509 rice panicle samples were collected at harvest time from fields in 8 provinces from 2010 to 2014. One hundred five grains per sample were plated on potato dextrose agar and 6,658 Fusarium isolates were obtained; among them, 67 were identified as Fusarium armeniacum by sequencing the translation elongation factor $1{\alpha}$ ($EF-1{\alpha}$) and confirmed by their morphological and cultural characteristics. Considerable variation in conidial size, colony color and $EF-1{\alpha}$ sequences was observed among the fungal isolates. The ability of 24 F. armeniacum isolates to produce T-2 and HT-2 toxin in potato sucrose agar was determined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Twenty one isolates produced T-2 and HT-2 toxin, resulting in varying toxin levels among the isolates. The results show that Korean isolates of F. armeniacum have diversity with respect to morphological, cultural, genetic, and toxigenic properties.

2010년부터 2015년까지 전국 8도에 있는 벼 포장에서 수확기에 총 509개의 이삭시료가 채집되었다. 시료당 105개의 벼 종실이 potato dextrose agar (PDA) 배지에 처리되었고 6,658개의 Fusarium 균주가 분리되었다. $EF-1{\alpha}$ 유전자의 염기서열을 기초로, 분리된 Fusarium 중 67균주를 Fusarium armeniacum으로 동정하였고, 형태적, 배양적 특성을 확인하였다. F. armeniacum은 분생포자 크기, 균총 색, 및 $EF-1{\alpha}$ 염기서열에서 균주간에 상당한 차이가 있었다. 액체크로마토크래피-질량분석기를 사용하여 potato sucrose agar (PSA) 배지에서 T-2와 HT-2 독소생성능력을 결정하였던 바 F. armeniacum 24균주 중 21균주가 T-2와 HT-2 독소를 모두 생성하였으며, 독소생성 수준은 균주간에 다양하였다. 이러한 결과는 한국산 F. armeniacum 균주들이 형태적, 배양적, 유전적 및 독소학적 성질에서 다양성을 갖는다는 것을 보여준다.

Keywords

References

  1. Lee T, Lee S, Kim LH, Ryu JG. Occurrence of fungi and Fusarium mycotoxins in the rice samples from rice processing complexes. Res Plant Dis 2014;20:289-94. https://doi.org/10.5423/RPD.2014.20.4.289
  2. Ok HE, Kim DM, Kim D, Chung SH, Chung MS, Park KH, Chun HS. Mycobiota and natural occurrence of aflatoxin, deoxynivalenol, nivalenol and zearalenone in rice freshly harvested in South Korea. Food Control 2014;37:284-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.09.020
  3. Lee J, Chang IY, Kim H, Yun SH, Leslie JF, Lee YW. Genetic diversity and fitness of Fusarium graminearum populations from rice in Korea. Appl Environ Microbiol 2009;75:3289-95. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02287-08
  4. Lee YW, Kim JG, Chung DH, Roh PU, Pestka JJ. Natural occurrence of zearalenone in rice and soybean produced in Korea. Mycotoxin Res 1991;7:69-72. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03192168
  5. Ok HE, Kang YW, Kim M, Chun HS. T-2 and HT-2 toxins in cereals and cereal-based products in South Korea. Food Addit Contam Part B Surveill 2013;6:103-9. https://doi.org/10.1080/19393210.2012.735703
  6. Lee S, Kim M, Oh S, Chun HS. Trends in researches of Fusarium mycotoxins, T-2 toxin and HT-2 toxin in domestic and foreign countries. J Food Hyg Saf 2012;27:1-17. https://doi.org/10.13103/JFHS.2012.27.1.001
  7. Proctor RH, Hohn TM, McCormick SP. Reduced virulence of Gibberella zeae caused by disruption of a trichothecene toxin biosynthetic gene. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 1995;8:593-601. https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-8-0593
  8. O'Donnell K, Kistler HC, Cigelnik E, Ploetz RC. Multiple evolutionary origins of the fungus causing Panama disease of banana: concordant evidence from nuclear and mitochondrial gene genealogies. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998;95:2044-9. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.5.2044
  9. Thompson JD, Gibson TJ, Plewniak F, Jeanmougin F, Higgins DG. The CLUSTAL_X windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Res 1997;25:4876-82. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/25.24.4876
  10. Leslie, JF, Summerell BA. The Fusarium laboratory manual. Ames: Blackwell; 2006.
  11. Burgess LW, Forbes GA, Windels C, Nelson PE, Marasas WF, Gott KP. Characterization and distribution of Fusarium acuminatum subsp. Armeniacum subsp. nov. Mycologia 1993;85: 119-24. https://doi.org/10.2307/3760486
  12. Burgess LW, Summerell A, Backhouse D, Benyon F, Levic J. Biodiversity and population studies in Fusarium. Sydowia 1996;48:1-11.
  13. Ellis ML, Diaz Arias MM, Leandro LF, Munkvold GP. First Report of Fusarium armeniacum causing seed rot and root rot on soybean (Glycine max) in the United States. Plant Dis 2012;96:1693.2.
  14. Wang Y, Lu BH, Yang LN, Gao J. First report of Fusarium armeniacum causing stem and root rot on Platycodon grandiflorum in Jilin province, China. Plant Dis 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-01-15-0108-PDN.
  15. Burgess LW, Summerell BA. Taxonomy of Fusarium: Fusarium armeniacum stat. & comb. nov. Mycotaxon 2000;75:347-8.
  16. Rabie CJ, Sydenham EW, Thiel PG, Lubben A, Marasas WF. T-2 toxin production by Fusarium acuminatum isolated from oats and barley. Appl Environ Microbiol 1986;52:594-6.
  17. Edwards SG, Imathiu SM, Ray RV, Back M, Hare MC. Molecular studies to identify the Fusarium species responsible for HT-2 and T-2 mycotoxins in UK oats. Int J Food Microbiol 2012;156:168-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.03.020