The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition (한국식품영양학회지)

The Korean Society of Food and Nutrition (한국식품영양학회)
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Effects of the Aging Conditions on the Quality Characteristics of Garlic

숙성조건이 마늘의 품질특성에 미치는 영향

  • Jeong, Yun Sook (Dept. of Agrofood Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Hwang, Kyung-A (Dept. of Agrofood Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Ga Ram (Dept. of Agrofood Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Song, Jin (Dept. of Agrofood Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Noh, Geon Min (Dept. of Agrofood Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Hwang, In Guk (Dept. of Agrofood Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 정윤숙 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농식품자원부) ;
  • 황경아 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농식품자원부) ;
  • 김가람 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농식품자원부) ;
  • 송진 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농식품자원부) ;
  • 노건민 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농식품자원부) ;
  • 황인국 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농식품자원부)
  • Received : 2015.08.19
  • Accepted : 2015.09.02
  • Published : 2015.10.31
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Abstract

This study was performed to investigate the quality characteristics such as pH, total acidity, browning index, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), fructose, S-allyl-L-cysteine (SAC), total polyphenol, and DPPH radical scavenging activity of aged garlic at different aging temperatures and periods. Aging temperature and period had a significant (p<0.05) effect on the quality characteristics of garlic. The pH in aged garlic significantly (p<0.05) decreased with increasing aging temperatures and periods, while the total acidity, browning index, and 5-HMF levels increased. The 5-HMF levels in garlic aged at 60 and $70^{\circ}C$ increased from 0.08~3.30 and from 0.05~106.07 mg/100 g, respectively. The fructose content in garlic aged at $60^{\circ}C$ gradually increased from 0.77 to 14.57%, while that of garlic aged at $70^{\circ}C$ increased from 1.07 to 19.75% until day 30, after which it decreased. The SAC level in raw garlic was 47.09 mg/100 g. The SAC contents of aged garlic differed significantly according to aging temperature and period. The SAC levels in garlic aged at $60^{\circ}C$ and $70^{\circ}C$ were in the range of 15.28~100.5 and 12.41~85.55 mg/100 g, respectively. The total polyphenol contents of garlic aged at $60^{\circ}C$ and $70^{\circ}C$ were 6.01 and 6.67 fold higher, respectively, than those in raw garlic. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of aged garlic also showed a tendency to increase during aging.

본 연구에서는 숙성 온도와 기간에 따른 마늘의 품질특성변화를 살펴보기 위하여 통마늘을 $60^{\circ}C$에서 60일간, $70^{\circ}C$에서 40일간 숙성 처리하여 pH, 총산도, 갈변도, 5-HMF 함량, fructose 함량, SAC 함량, 총 폴리페놀 함량 및 DPPH radical 소거활성 측정하였다. 숙성 온도가 높고 숙성 기간이 길어질수록 마늘의 pH는 감소하고, 총 산도, 갈변도 및 5-HMF 함량은 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 특히, 5-HMF 함량은 $60^{\circ}C$ 숙성 처리 시 0.08~3.30 mg/100 g으로 증가량이 적은 반면, $70^{\circ}C$ 숙성 처리 시 0.05~106.07 mg/100 g으로 숙성 25일차부터 급격히 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. Fructose 함량은 $60^{\circ}C$의 숙성온도에서는 0.77~14.57%으로 지속적으로 증가한 반면, $70^{\circ}C$ 숙성 온도에서는 30일차까지 1.07~19.75%까지 증가 후 15.11%로 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. SAC 함량은 생마늘의 경우 48.11 mg/100 g이었으며, $60^{\circ}C$에서 20일 숙성 시 100.50 mg/100 g으로, $70^{\circ}C$에서 5일 숙성 시 85.55 mg/100 g까지 증가한 후 숙성 기간이 경과할수록 SAC 함량은 감소하였다. 생마늘의 총 폴리페놀 함량은 98.38 mg/100 g이었고, $60^{\circ}C$ 숙성 처리 시 591.82 mg/100 g까지, $70^{\circ}C$ 숙성 처리 시에는 665.22 mg/100 g까지 생마늘에 비해 각각 6.01배 및 6.67배 증가하였다. DPPH radical 소거활성의 경우, 숙성 온도가 높고 숙성 기간이 길어질수록 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 따라서 마늘 섭취가 용이하고 항산화 활성이 우수한 숙성 마늘 제조를 위해서는 $70^{\circ}C$에서 30일, 숙성 마늘의 유효성분인 SAC의 다량 생산을 위해서는 $60^{\circ}C$에서 15일간 숙성 처리하는 하는 것이 적합할 것으로 판단되며, 이상의 결과는 항산화 효과가 강화 및 SAC 함량 증진 등 선택적인 숙성 마늘의 제조에 활용이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

References

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