Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회지)

Korean Society of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회)
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Breeding status and nest site characteristics of Black-faced Spoonbills Platalea minor on Chilsando Islands, Korea

칠산도의 저어새 번식 현황과 둥지장소 특성

  • Received : 2015.08.18
  • Accepted : 2015.10.02
  • Published : 2015.10.30
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Abstract

A breeding pair of the Black-faced Spoonbill Platalea minor was firstly recorded on Chilsando Islands, Younggwang, Jeollanamdo Province in 1991. Since the mid 2000s, breeding population on the breeding sites has gradually increased. This study was conducted to identify breeding status and nest site characteristics of the species from May to August, 2013 on Chilsando Islands. We recorded number of nests, length and width of the nest base, slope around the nests, nest materials, distances from the nearest nest, presence of nest cover and nesting area. In 2013 breeding season, 25 of 49 nests produced at least one successful fledging. A total of 55 youngs were successfully fledged and number of fledging per nest was 2.20 individuals. Nesting area was $77.8m^2$ and $93.4m^2$ for Sansando and Yuksando Islet, respectively. Soil and soil mixed with tree root were preferred for substrate of nest base over rock and Brassica napus was dominantly selected as nest materials by Black-faced Spoonbills. Nest characteristics of 22 nests in Sasando and Yuksando Islet varied $49.59{\pm}6.53cm$(mean${\pm}$SD) for length of nest base, $41.00{\pm}5.82cm$ for width of nest base, $20.85{\pm}9.96^{\circ}$ for slope above the nest, $34.09{\pm}17.75^{\circ}$ for slope below the nest and $130.82{\pm}84.17cm$ for distances from the nearest nest. Fifteen pairs (68.2%) occupied where nest cover existed. Nest cover were located in front of the nest for 5 pairs, back of the nest for 9 pairs and both front and back of the nest for 1 pair.

전라남도 영광군에 위치한 칠산도는 1991년 국내에서 최초로 저어새 번식이 확인된 이래로 전 세계 개체군의 증가와 더불어 2000년대 중반부터 번식개체군이 증가하고 있다. 본 연구는 칠산도의 저어새 번식 현황 및 둥지장소의 특성에 대해 파악하고자 2013년 5월에서 8월까지 번식기 동안 번식쌍 수, 둥지터 크기, 경사도, 둥지기반 재료, 둥지간 거리, 둥지주변 엄폐물의 유무, 섬 내 번식 면적 등에 대한 조사를 실시하였다. 칠산도에서 2013년에 번식을 시도한 49개의 둥지 중 25개 둥지에서 최소 1개체 이상의 유조가 이소에 성공하였다. 25개 둥지에서 이소한 유조는 총 55개체였으며, 둥지 당 평균 이소성공 유조는 2.2개체였다. 사산도와 육산도를 대상으로 저어새 둥지장소의 특성에 대한 조사 결과 섬 내에서 저어새가 실제 번식한 면적은 사산도의 경우 $77.8m^2$(섬 전체 면적의 0.10%), 육산도의 경우 $93.4m^2$(섬 전체 면적의 0.09%)로 섬 내 좁은 지역에 밀집하여 번식하였다. 둥지장소는 돌 위보다 주로 흙 위나 흙과 나무가 복합된 형태의 지면에 유채(Brassica napus)가 있는 장소가 선택되었다. 저어새의 둥지터 크기는 평균 장경 $49.59{\pm}6.53cm$, 평균 단경 $41.00{\pm}5.82cm$, 둥지의 위쪽 평균 경사도는 $20.85{\pm}9.96^{\circ}$, 아래쪽 평균 경사도는 $34.09{\pm}17.75^{\circ}$였으며, 가장 가까운 둥지간의 평균 거리는 $130.82{\pm}84.17cm$였다(n=22). 22개의 번식 둥지 중 15개 둥지(68.2%)가 엄폐물이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 이 중 둥지 앞쪽으로 엄폐물이 있는 경우가 5개(33.3%), 둥지 뒤쪽으로 엄폐물이 있는 경우가 9개(60.0%), 앞뒤 모두 엄폐물이 있는 경우가 1개(6.7%)로 둥지 후방부에 엄폐물이 있는 경우가 많았다.

Keywords

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