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Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activity of Codonopsis lanceolata Leaves

더덕 잎의 파이토케미컬(phytochemicals)과 항산화 활성

  • Kim, Gi Ho (Department of Natural Medicine Resources, Semyung University) ;
  • Kim, Na Yeon (College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University) ;
  • Kang, Shin-Ho (Department of Natural Medicine Resources, Semyung University) ;
  • Lee, Hwa Jin (Department of Natural Medicine Resources, Semyung University)
  • 김기호 (세명대학교 자연약재과학과) ;
  • 김나연 (숙명여자대학교 약학대학) ;
  • 강신호 (세명대학교 자연약재과학과) ;
  • 이화진 (세명대학교 자연약재과학과)
  • Received : 2015.08.18
  • Accepted : 2015.08.27
  • Published : 2015.10.31

Abstract

Phytochemicals in Codonopsis lanceolata leaves were saponins, triterpenes, tannins, and flavonoids, not alkaloids. The levels of total polyphenols and flavonoids in Codonopsis lanceolata leaves were measured to evaluate the antioxidant activity. C. lanceolata leaves showed strong 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and potent reducing power. In addition, C. lanceolata leaf extracts inhibited production of nitric oxide (NO) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 cells. To examine active phytochemical for antioxidant activity, aglycone fraction of C. lanceolata leaves was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Luteolin was identified as a main component of aglycone fraction and showed potent antioxidant activity as determined by a DPPH radical scavenging assay and reducing power test. These results suggest that C. lanceolata leaves are a good source of antioxidants.

더덕 잎의 활용가치를 높이고자 더덕 잎 추출물 내 존재하는 기능성 생리활성 물질과 항산화 활성을 평가하였다. 먼저, 더덕 잎의 생리활성 물질의 존재를 검정하기 위해 파이토케미컬 검색을 한 결과, 더덕 잎 추출물에 환원당, 사포닌, 트라이터페노이드, 타닌 및 플라보노이드와 같은 생리활성 물질들이 존재함을 확인하였다. 이들 파이토케미컬의 존재를 근거로 하여 항산화 활성을 나타내는 것으로 알려진 총 폴리페놀 및 총 플라보노이드 함량을 측정하고, 이를 기반으로 더덕 잎의 항산화 활성을 평가하였다. 250 및 $500{\mu}g/mL$ 더덕 잎 추출물은 DPPH 라디칼 소거 실험에서 각각 43% 및 81%의 강력한 라디칼 소거 효과를 나타냈고, L-아스코브산의 71% 및 95%에 해당하는 환원력을 나타냈다. 또한, 더덕 잎 추출물 62.5, 125 및 $250{\mu}g/mL$에서 각각 73, 90 및 99%의 NO생성 저해활성을 나타내어 항산화 활성을 기반으로 한 항염증 효능의 가능성도 제공하였다. 이를 기반으로 더덕 잎 추출물의 아글리콘 분획을 조제하여 분석한 결과, 플라보노이드 화합물인 루테올린이 함유되어 있음을 확인하였다. 반면, 더덕과 같은 초롱꽃과(Campanulaceae)인 도라지의 항산화 연구에서 도라지 잎과 줄기 용매 분획물 중 줄기의 부탄올 분획물 $500{\mu}g/mL$을 첨가하였을 때 가장 높은 환원력과 화학성분을 보고한 바 있으나 항산화 활성 성분에 대해서는 언급하지 않았다(35). 루테올린이 함유되어 있는 더덕 잎 아글리콘 분획의 항산화 활성을 평가한 결과, 250 및 $500{\mu}g/mL$의 아글리콘 분획이 각각 67% 와 87%의 강력한 라디칼 소거 효과를 나타냈으며, L-아스코브산의 128% 및 141%에 해당하는 우수한 환원력을 나타냄을 확인하였다. 따라서, 우수한 항산화 활성 및 생리활성물질을 함유하고 있는 더덕 잎이 기능성 식품 소재로서의 활용가치가 높을 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

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