Korean Chemical Engineering Research

The Korean Institute of Chemical Engineers (한국화학공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Optimization of d-limonene Extraction from Tangerine Peel in Various Solvents by Using Soxhlet Extractor

다양한 용매에서 Soxhlet 추출기를 이용한 감귤 껍질에서 d-limonene 추출의 최적조건 연구

  • Park, Sang Min (Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Ko, Kwan Young (Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kim, In Ho (Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungnam National University)
  • Received : 2015.03.10
  • Accepted : 2015.04.21
  • Published : 2015.12.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

D-limonene included in citrus fruits is obtainable to extract essential oil as well as separate the oil ingredient. Soxhlet extraction, a type of SDE (Simultaneous steam Distillation and solvent Extraction), was used to extract limonene from tangerine peel. HPLC analysis was performed to quantify extracted d-limonene by using reversed-phase HPLC column. Results of HPLC analysis showed that the optimal extraction time was 2 hours in any solvent, and the extracted amounts of d-limonene in tangerine peel (per g tangerine peel) were 7.77 mg, 0.49 mg, and 0.28 mg in ethyl alcohol, n-hexane, and ether. Because yield was the highest in using ethyl alcohol as a solvent, polarity is stronger factor to effect on yield of extraction than boiling point.

감귤류의 과일 내에 포함된 것으로 알려진 d-limonene 성분은 정유 성분을 추출하여 분리하는 방법으로 얻을 수 있다. 연속 증류 추출법 중 하나인 Soxhlet 추출법을 사용하여 감귤 껍질의 정유 성분을 추출한 후, 역상 HPLC를 통해 정량분석을 하였다. 추출용매의 끓는점과 극성도가 수율에 주는 영향을 알아보기 위해 에탄올, n-헥산, 석유에테르 3가지 용매를 추출 용매로 사용하였다. $120^{\circ}C$에서 각각의 용매를 1, 2, 4시간 동안 추출했을 때의 시료를 얻어 총 9가지 시료를 분석하였다. 역상 HPLC에서 정량분석을 한 결과, 세 가지 용매 모두 2시간 동안 추출했을 때 d-limonene의 함유량이 가장 많았으며, 이 때 감귤 껍질 1 g당 함유량은 7.77 mg(에탄올), 0.49 mg(n-헥산), 0.28 mg(석유에테르)였다. 에탄올을 사용했을 때 수율이 가장 높은 것으로 보아 용매의 극성도가 끓는점보다 추출 효율에 더 큰 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Morse, M. A. and Toburen, A. L., "Inhibition of Metabolic Activation of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone by Limonene," Cancer Lett., 104(2), 211-217(1996). https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3835(96)04252-8
  2. Budavari, S., The Merck Index, 7th ed., Merck, New Jersey(1989).
  3. Langer, R. S. and Wise, D. L., Medical Applications of Controlled Release, 2nd ed., CRC Press, Florida(2004).
  4. Rosen, H. B., Chang, J., Wnek. G. E., Linhardt, R. J. and Langer, R., "Bioerodible Polyanhydrides for Controlled Drug Delivery," Biomaterials, 4(2), 131-133(1983). https://doi.org/10.1016/0142-9612(83)90054-6
  5. Oh, E. H., Im, H. S. and Yoon, C. H., "A Study on the Antibiotic Effect Using the d-limonene Oil Extracted to Wasted Mandarin Peels in Cheju," Journal of the Korean Oil Chemists' Society, 26(3), 350-356(2009).
  6. Im, H. H., "Studies on Extraction of Limonene from Citron and Immunomodulation Activity of Limonene," M.S. Thesis, Hankyong National University, Ansung, Korea(2005).
  7. Beak, J. I., Jin, S. Y. and Kim, I. H., "Separation of $\alpha$-lactalbumin and $\beta$-lactoglobulin by Using HPLC," B. S. Thesis, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea(2009).
  8. Wixom, R. L., Chromatography, Wiley Press, New York(2011).
  9. Jung, I. K., Choi, D. Y. and Row, K. H., "Separation of Whey Proteins by Anion-exchange Membranes," Korean J. Chem. Eng., 20(3), 538-541(2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02705562
  10. Nilsson, U., Bergh, M., Shao, L. P. and Karlberg, A-T., "Analysis of Contact Allergenic Compounds in Oxidized d-limonene," Chromatographia, 42(3-4), 199-205(1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02269653
  11. Zhang, R. L. Zhang, Q. and Xu, S. A., "Determination of Limonene in Spearmint Oil by HPLC Method," Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 13(2), 743-744(2012).
  12. http://www.sanderkok.com/techniques/hplc/eluotropic_series_extended.html.
  13. Yoon, C. W., Bok, H. S., Choi, D. K. and Row, K. H., "Optimization Condition of Astaxanthin Extract from Shrimp Waste Using Response Surface Methodology," Korean Chem. Eng. Res., 50(3), 545-550 (2012). https://doi.org/10.9713/kcer.2012.50.3.545
  14. Lee, K. J., Choi, D. Y. and Row K. H., "Extraction and Purification of Isoflavones from Korean Soybean and Soybean Paste," Korean Chem. Eng. Res., 41(5), 612-616(2003).

Cited by

  1. Morphological, molecular, and organosulphur compounds characterization in irradiated garlic (Allium sativum) by GC-MS and SCoT markers vol.13, pp.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1080/16878507.2019.1697079