ETRI Journal

Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (한국전자통신연구원)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Hybrid Linear Closed-Form Solution in Wireless Localization

  • Received : 2014.03.28
  • Accepted : 2015.03.19
  • Published : 2015.05.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In wireless localization, several linear closed-form solution (LCS) methods have been investigated as a direct result of the drawbacks that plague the existing iterative methods, such as the local minimum problem and heavy computational burden. Among the known LCS methods, both the direct solution method and the difference of squared range measurements method are considered in this paper. These LCS methods do not have any of the aforementioned problems that occur in the existing iterative methods. However, each LCS method does have its own individual error property. In this paper, a hybrid LCS method is presented to reduce these errors. The hybrid LCS method integrates the two aforementioned LCS methods by using two check points that give important information on the probability of occurrence of each LCS's individual error. The results of several Monte Carlo simulations show that the proposed method has a good performance. The solutions provided by the proposed method are accurate and reliable. The solutions do not have serious errors such as those that occur in the conventional standalone LCS and iterative methods.

Keywords

References

  1. K.W. Kolodziej and J. Hjelm, Local Positioning Systems: LBS Applications and Services, Boca Raton, FL, USA: Taylor & Francis Group, 2006.
  2. E.D. Kaplan, Understanding GPS: Principles and Applications, Norwood, MA, USA: Artech House, 1996.
  3. J. Yan et al., "Review of Range-Based Positioning Algorithms," IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag., vol. 28, no. 8, Aug. 2013, pp. 2-27. https://doi.org/10.1109/MAES.2013.6516141
  4. S.Y. Cho and Y.W. Choi, "Access Point-less Wireless Location Method Based on Peer-to-Peer Ranging of Impulse Radio Ultra-wideband," IET-Radar, Sonar Navigation, vol. 4, no. 5, Oct. 2010, pp. 733-743. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-rsn.2009.0157
  5. J.M. Mendel, Lessons in Estimation Theory for Signal Processing, Communications, and Control, NJ, USA: Prentice-Hall International, 1995.
  6. S. Gezici, I. Guvenc, and Z. Sahinoglu, "On the Performance of Linear Least-Squares Estimation in Wireless Positioning System," IEEE Int. Conf. Commun., Beijing, China, May 19-23, 2008, pp. 4203-4208.
  7. S.Y. Cho, "Localization of the Arbitrary Deployed APs for Indoor Wireless Location-Based Applications," IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron., vol. 56, no. 2, May 2010, pp. 532-539. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCE.2010.5505966
  8. S. Bancroft, "An Algebraic Solution of the GPS Equation," IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., vol. 21, no. 7, Jan. 1985, pp. 56-59.
  9. I. Biton, M. Koifman, and I.Y. Bar-Itzhack, "Improved Direct Solution of the Global Positioning System Equation," J. Guidance, Contr., Dynamics, vol. 21, no. 1, Jan. 1998, pp. 45-49. https://doi.org/10.2514/2.4195
  10. R.O. Schmidt, "A New Approach to Geometry of Range Difference Location," IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., vol. 8, no. 6, Nov. 1972, pp. 821-835.
  11. B. Friedlander, "A Passive Localization Algorithm and its Accuracy Analysis," IEEE J. Ocean. Eng., vol. 12, no. 1, Jan. 1987, pp. 234-245. https://doi.org/10.1109/JOE.1987.1145216
  12. J.O. Smith and J.S. Abel, "Closed-Form Least-Squares Source Location Estimation from Range-Difference Measurement," IEEE Trans. Acoust., Speech, Signal Process., vol. 35, no. 12, Dec. 1987, pp. 1661-1669. https://doi.org/10.1109/TASSP.1987.1165089
  13. H. Schau and A. Robinson, "Passive Source Localization Employing Intersecting Spherical Surfaces from Time-of-Arrival Differences," IEEE Trans. Acoust., Speech Signal Process., vol. 35, no. 8, Aug. 1987, pp. 1223-1225.
  14. Y.T. Chan and K.C. Ho, "A Simple and Efficient Estimator for Hyperbolic Location," IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 42, no. 8, Aug. 1994, pp. 1905-1915. https://doi.org/10.1109/78.301830
  15. S.Y. Cho and B.D. Kim, "Linear Closed-Form Solution for Wireless Localization with Ultra-wideband/Chirp Spread Spectrum Based on Difference of Squared Range Measurements," IET Wireless Sensor Syst., vol. 3, no. 4, Dec. 2013, pp. 255-265. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-wss.2012.0159
  16. Y.T. Chan, H.Y.C. Hang, and P.-C. Ching, "Exact and Approximate Maximum Likelihood Localization Algorithms," IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 55, no. 1, Jan. 2006, pp. 10-16. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVT.2005.861162
  17. J.-Y. Lee and R.A. Scholtz, "Ranging in a Dense Multipath Environment Using an UWB Radio Link," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 20, no. 9, Dec. 2002, pp. 1677-1683. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSAC.2002.805060
  18. M. Djeddou et al., "TOA Estimation Technique for IR-UWB Based on Homogeneity Test," ETRI J., vol. 35, no. 5, Oct. 2013, pp. 757-766. https://doi.org/10.4218/etrij.13.0112.0889