Food Science and Preservation (한국식품저장유통학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Preservation (한국식품저장유통학회)
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Quality characteristics of fermented vinegars using pear

배를 이용한 발효식초의 품질특성

  • Park, Yeon-Ok (Department. of Food and Nutrition, Songwon University)
  • 박연옥 (송원대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Received : 2016.07.29
  • Accepted : 2016.08.26
  • Published : 2016.11.30
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Abstract

Fermented vinegars using pear was compared according to the appled side materials. Quality characteristics of three kinds of the fermented vinegars (pear vinegar, PV; pear black rice vinegar, PBV; pear mint vinegar, PMV) were investigated, which includes pH, total acidity, colors, the contents of sugar, amino acids, total polyphenol, and total flavonoid, ${\alpha}^{\prime}{\alpha}-diphenyl-{\beta}-pycrylhydrazyl$ (DPPH) radical scavenging ability, and sensory evaluation. Brown rice vinegar (BRV) was used as a control. The pH and total acidity of the fermented pear vinegars were significantly different showing the range of 3.17~3.43 and 4.01~5.05%, respectively (p<0.05). The sugar contents of PV and PMV were significantly higher than other vinegars (p<0.05). L, a, and b values were the highest in PV, PBV, and PMV, respectively. Among the four vinegars, the essential amino acids were the highest in PV with the order of lysine, isoleucine, valine, and threonine. Besides, the fermented pear vinegars have many non-essential amino acids such as glutamic acid and aspartic acid. The aspartic acid content was the highest in PV while glutamic acid content was the highest in BRV. The total polyphenol content was the highest in PV while total flavonoid content was the highest in PBV. The DPPH radical scavenging ability (%) was the highest in PV. In sensory evaluation, PBV showed the highest color, taste and overall preference scores. These results show that pear would be desirable to prepare high-quality vinegars and functional foods.

본 연구는 배를 주소재로 이용하고 부재료로 흑미와 애플민트를 이용하여 발효식초를 제조하여 각 식초의 이화학적인 품질특성 및 항산화 활성을 비교하여 기능성 발효식초의 품질향상을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 실시하였다. 각 식초의 pH, 총산도, 당도, 색도, 아미노산 함량, 관능평가, 총 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량, DPPH 라디칼 소거능을 분석하였다. 대조군으로 곡류초인 현미식초를 이용하였다. 배를 이용한 발효식초는 pH 3.17~3.43 범위 내에서 유의적인 차이(p<0.05)를 보였고, 총산도는 4.01~5.05%으로 배흑미식초가 가장 높았다. 당 함량은 식초 제조 시 첨가된 설탕과 배의 당도가 합쳐져 유의적으로 배식초와 배민트식초가 높았다(p<0.05). 식초의 색도는 배식초의 명도가 유의적으로 높았으며 적색도는 배흑미식초, 황색도는 배민트식초가 높아 부수적으로 첨가한 재료에 따라 유의적인 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 필수아미노산은 배식초가 유의적으로 lysine, isoleucine, valine, threonine 순으로 많았고 다음으로 현미식초가 많이 함유하였다 (p<0.05). 비필수아미노산은 전체적으로 glutamic acid와 aspartic acid의 함량이 많았으며 glutamic acid는 현미식초, 배흑미식초, 배식초, 배민트식초 순이었고 aspartic acid는 배식초, 배민트식초, 현미식초, 배흑미식초 순이었다(p<0.05). 총 폴리페놀 함량은 유의적으로 배식초가 가장 많았으며 배흑미식초나 현미식초는 유사하고 배민트식초가 가장 적었다(p<0.05). 총 플라보노이드 함량은 배흑미식초가 가장 많았고 배민트식초, 배식초 순을 보였으며 현미식초는 현저하게 낮았다. DPPH 라디칼소거능은 배식초의 소거활성이 유의적으로 가장 높았으며(p<0.05) 배흑미식초, 현미식초, 배민트식초 순으로 나타나 식초의 항산화활성에 주로 기여하는 물질은 폴리페놀 화합물임을 비례적으로 나타내었다. 식초의 관능평가 결과 강도 뿐 아니라 기호도에서도 배흑미식초가 유의적으로 가장 높게 나왔다(p<0.05). 결론적으로 배를 이용한 발효식초는 배식초의 품질특성이 가장 우수하였고 전체적으로 저산도식초로서 아미노산 함량이나 총 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량이 높고 DPPH 라디칼 소거능이 우수하여 조미용 뿐 아니라 음료용 식초로도 폭넓게 이용하면 국민건강 향상을 위한 기능성 발효식초 음료로 활용도가 높을 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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