Food Science and Preservation (한국식품저장유통학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Preservation (한국식품저장유통학회)
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Quality characteristics of Doenjang depending on various salt concentration during long-term fermentation period

다양한 염도에서 제조한 된장의 장기 숙성 시 품질변화

  • Choi, Bo-Young (Fermented Food Science Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Gil, Na-Young (Fermented Food Science Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Park, Shin-Young (Fermented Food Science Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Kim, So-Young (Fermented Food Science Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science)
  • 최보영 (국립농업과학원 발효식품과) ;
  • 길나영 (국립농업과학원 발효식품과) ;
  • 박신영 (국립농업과학원 발효식품과) ;
  • 김소영 (국립농업과학원 발효식품과)
  • Received : 2016.09.20
  • Accepted : 2016.11.15
  • Published : 2016.11.30
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Abstract

This study presented the change of quality characteristics of Doenjang with various salt concentrations (4, 8, 15, and 20%) during 12 months. The pHs of Doenjang during fermentation were gradually increased for 12 months, whereas the pHs of Doenjang with 4 and 8% salt increased rapidly. Titratable acidity of Doenjang with 4 and 8% salt was high at initial time, while Doenjang with 15 and 20% salt was high at the 9 and 12 months. The amino-type nitrogen content of Doenjang with 4 and 8% salt was increased and ${\alpha}-amylase$ activity of all Doenjang was decreased during whole fermentation period. The protease activity of Doenjang with 4 and 8% salt was higher than Doenjang with 15 and 20% salt until 7 months. Total aerobic bacteria number 8.0~9.1 log CFU/g for 12 months, which was steady during fermentation period. Doenjang with 8% salt showed the highest score in umami taste whereas the lowest score in bitterness, astringency, and sourness tastes between 5 and 12 months. In conclusion, Doenjang with 8% salt was a suitable concentration for low-salt fermented foods.

저염 된장 제조를 위하여 염 농도(4, 8, 15, 20%)를 달리하여 12개월의 장기 기간 동안 발효시켜 품질특성 변화를 조사하였다. pH는 모든 염농도의 된장에서 발효 12개월 동안 점차 높아졌는데, 특히 4, 8% 저염 된장에서 급격히 높아졌다. 적정산도는 염 농도가 낮을수록 높아지는 경향을 나타내다가 발효 5개월 이후부터는 저염(4와 8%)된장의 경우는 꾸준히 감소하였으나 고염(15와 20%)의 경우는 증가하여 발효초기와 달리 염농도가 높을수록 높은 값을 나타내었다. 또한 염 농도가 낮을수록 된장 중 아미노태 질소함량은 증가하였고, ${\alpha}-amylase$ 효소활성은 모든 시료에서 발효기간 동안 감소하였다. protease 효소활성은 7개월까지 고염 된장(15, 20%)에 비해 저염 된장(4, 8%)에서 높게 나타났다. 미생물수 변화는 염 농도와 상관없이 발효 12개월 동안 Bacillus속 미생물을 우점종으로 하여 8.0~9.1 log CFU/g의 일정한 총균수를 보였다. pH, 산도, 아미노태 질소함유량은 8% 된장에서 다른 된장보다 높은 값을 나타냈다. 유산균은 발효가 진행되면서 감소되었는데 4% 저염 된장의 경우 9개월 전까지 검출되었다. 맛 센서를 이용한 관능검사에서 8% 된장은 쓴맛과 떫은맛이 낮고 신맛은 약하며 감칠맛은 높아 우수한 품질을 나타내었기에 소금이 저감화 된 장류개발이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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