Food Science and Preservation (한국식품저장유통학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Preservation (한국식품저장유통학회)
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Changes in approximate composition, antioxidant activity and melatonin content of rapeseed during germination

발아기간에 따른 유채종자의 일반성분 조성, 항산화능 및 멜라토닌 함량의 변화

  • 김석중 (동덕여자대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Received : 2016.10.07
  • Accepted : 2016.10.19
  • Published : 2016.11.30
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Abstract

The changes of approximate composition, antioxidant activity and melatonin content in rapeseed were monitored during 10 days germination to choose the optimum sprouts with beneficial functionalities. The moisture content of seeds increased from 3.23% to 17.50% during 10 days germination period, while ash content was similar (4.03~4.91%). The fat content was reduced from 38.18% to 22.65%, however, protein content increased from 21.43% to 26.72%. The carbohydrate content increased from 32.71% to 35.84% at 8th day. The reducing sugar and fiber contents reached 10.47% and 15.12% at 6th day from 4.04% and 12.82%, respectively. Eighth day sprouts contained highest level of polyphenol (gallic acid equivalent, 19.2 g/kg). Germination increased antioxidant activities (trolox equivalent, mmol/kg) of seeds with slight difference depending on assay. That is, antioxidant activity was highest at 6th day in DPPH radical scavenging (55.9), 10th day both in ABTS radical scavenging (71.6) and Fe(III) reducing (125.3), and 4th day in peroxy radical scavenging (116.7) assay. Melatonin content of seeds ($0.85{\mu}g/kg$) also increased and reached up to $14.93{\mu}g/kg$ at 6th day. In conclusion, germination more than 4 days raised antioxidant activity of seeds highly, and 6th day sprouts had additional benefit in terms of melatonin, reducing sugar and crude fiber contents.

본 연구에서는 유용한 기능성을 지닌 최적의 유채싹 선발을 위해 종자를 10일 동안 발아시키면서 일반성분, 항산화능 및 멜라토닌함량 변화를 분석하였다. 종자의 수분함량(3.23%)은 발아동안 점차 증가하여 10일에 17.50%에 도달하였으나 조회분함량은 4.03~4.91%로 큰 변화가 없었다. 조지방함량은 종자의 38.18%로부터 감소하여 10일에 22.65%가 되었으며 조단백질함량은 21.43%에서 10일에 26.72%에 이르렀다. 탄수화물함량은 8일까지 35.84%로 증가한 후 10일에 28.55%로 감소하였다. 환원당함량은 6일에 최고값(10.47%)에 도달하였고 조섬유함량도 15.12%로 높은 값을 나타내었다. 총 페놀함량(gallic acid equivalent)은 발아에 따라 증가하다가 8일에 최고값인 16.8 g/kg에 도달하였다. 항산화능(trolox equivalent, mmol/kg)은 발아에 따라 증가하여 4~10일에 좀 더 높은 값을 나타내었는데 분석법에 따라 최고값을 보이는 시기는 다소 차이가 있었다. 즉, DPPH 라디칼 소거능은 6일(55.9), ABTS 라디칼 소거능(46.3)과 Fe(III)이온 환원능(125.3)은 10일, 퍼록시 라디칼 소거능은 4일(116.7)에서 최고값을 보였다. 종자에서 $0.85{\mu}g/kg$이던 멜라토닌함량도 발아에 따라 증가하여 6일에 최고값($14.93{\mu}g/kg$)을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과로부터 항산화소재로서는 4~10일까지의 발아싹들을 이용될 수 있다고 생각된다. 그러나 멜라토닌 함량, 환원당, 조섬유와 같은 추가적인 기능성분을 함께 고려하면 6일 발아싹이 기능성 싹으로서 적합하다고 판단된다.

Keywords

References

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