Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
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Calcium Bioavailability and Antiosteoporotic Effects of Cheonggukjang Containing High Poly-Gamma Glutamate Contents

고함량 폴리감마글루탐산(PGA) 청국장에 대한 칼슘 생체이용률 및 골다공증에 미치는 영향

  • Lee, Mu-Jin (Division of Tradition Korean Medicine Research, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) ;
  • Jung, Ho-Kyung (Division of Tradition Korean Medicine Research, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) ;
  • Sim, Mi-Ok (Division of Tradition Korean Medicine Research, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) ;
  • Jang, Ji-Hun (Division of Tradition Korean Medicine Research, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Tae-Mook (Division of Tradition Korean Medicine Research, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Hyun-Joo (Division of Tradition Korean Medicine Research, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Ki-Ho (Division of Tradition Korean Medicine Research, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) ;
  • An, Byeong-Kwan (Division of Tradition Korean Medicine Research, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) ;
  • Cho, Jung-Hee (Division of Tradition Korean Medicine Research, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) ;
  • Jang, Min-Cheol (Heanam Natural Farming Association Corporation) ;
  • Yong, Ju-Hyun (Heanam Natural Farming Association Corporation) ;
  • Kim, Jong-Choon (College of Veterinary Medicine BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Cho, Hyun-Woo (Division of Tradition Korean Medicine Research, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine)
  • 이무진 (한약진흥재단 한약자원본부) ;
  • 정호경 (한약진흥재단 한약자원본부) ;
  • 심미옥 (한약진흥재단 한약자원본부) ;
  • 장지훈 (한약진흥재단 한약자원본부) ;
  • 김태묵 (한약진흥재단 한약자원본부) ;
  • 이현주 (한약진흥재단 한약자원본부) ;
  • 이기호 (한약진흥재단 한약자원본부) ;
  • 안병관 (한약진흥재단 한약자원본부) ;
  • 조정희 (한약진흥재단 한약자원본부) ;
  • 장민철 (해남자연농업영농조합법인) ;
  • 용주현 (해남자연농업영농조합법인) ;
  • 김종춘 (전남대학교 수의과대학 BK21) ;
  • 조현우 (한약진흥재단 한약자원본부)
  • Received : 2016.07.06
  • Accepted : 2016.08.11
  • Published : 2016.11.30
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Abstract

Various types of fermented soybean foods are consumed in various Asian countries, including China, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam. Cheonggukjang is a Korean whole soybean paste fermented by Bacillus subtilis and regarded as a healthy food. The objective of this study was to investigate the Ca-bioavailability and anti-osteoporotic effects of cheonggukjang (CGJ) containing high poly-gamma glutamate (PGA) contents in an animal model. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 h after a single oral dose in male rats. Ca-bioavailability in CGJ containing high PGA contents was approximately 3~5 times higher than that of natural CGJ. Female rats were either sham-operated (sham; n=5) or surgically ovariectomized (OVX; five animals per group) and then administered to OVX control, raloxifene hydrochloride (RLX) 1 mg/kg/d, or CGJ containing high contents of PGA (20 and 200 mg/kg/d) for 12 weeks. Serum osteocalcin concentration was significantly lower in the CGJ 200 mg/kg/d group compared with the OVX control group. Serum progesterone concentration was significantly higher in the CGJ 200 mg/kg/d group compared with the OVX control group. Reduction grade of the trabecular bone decreased in the RLX 1 and CGJ 200 mg/kg/d group compared with that of the OVX control group. In conclusion, CGJ 200 mg/kg/d may have inhibitory effects on osteoporosis in OVX rats, and Ca-bioavailability was improved in CGJ containing high PGA contents.

본 연구는 칼슘 생체이용률 시험에 수컷 랫드를 이용하여 고함량 폴리감마글루탐산 청국장이 기존 청국장보다 칼슘의 생체이용률을 증가시키는지 알아보고자 실시하였다. 고함량 폴리감마글루탐산(PGA) 청국장 및 기존 청국장을 투여하고 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5시간에 채혈하여 칼슘 함량을 측정한 결과, 고함량 PGA 청국장이 기존 청국장보다 투여 후 3~5시간에 칼슘 흡수율이 증가할 것으로 생각한다. 골다공증 시험에 난소를 적출하여 폐경을 유도한 후 PGA 함유량이 증가한 청국장을 12주간 경구투여 하여 골다공증에 미치는 효과를 연구하고자 하였다. 혈청 검사에서 오스테오칼신은 청국장 200 mg/kg 투여군에서 OVX 대조군보다 유의성 있는 감소가 관찰되었고, 프로게스테론은 청국장 200 mg/kg 투여군에서는 OVX 대조군보다 유의성 있는 증가가 관찰되어 청국장이 골다공증 개선에 효과가 있는 것으로 생각한다. 간장 조직액의 지질과산화물은 OVX 대조군보다 대조약 및 청국장 투여군에서 모두 감소 경향이 관찰되어 청국장 투여로 지질과산화물 생성을 감소시키는 것으로 기대된다. 대퇴골에 대한 조직병리학적 검사에서 대퇴골 원위부 골간단의 해면골 감소가 대조약은 OVX 대조군보다 유의성 있는 감소가 관찰되었으며, 청국장 200 mg/kg 투여군에서도 감소가 관찰되어 청국장이 해면골 감소를 억제시키는 것으로 생각한다. 이상의 결과는 고함량 PGA 청국장이 기존 청국장보다 투여 후 3~5시간에 칼슘 흡수율을 증가시킬 것으로 생각하고, 난소적출 후에 일어나는 골격 대사의 이상에도 청국장이 골 교체율 억제, 호르몬 변화, 항산화 및 해면골 감소 억제 등 유익하게 나타남으로써 임상상 폐경기에 나타나는 골다공증을 어느 정도 예방시킬 수 있음을 시사하며, 폐경 후 여성의 골대사에 유익한 효과를 줄 것으로 생각한다.

Keywords

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