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Effects of freezing-storage temperature on the shelf life of mackerel fish

냉동 저장 온도가 고등어의 저장성에 미치는 영향

  • Joo, So Young (Department of Nutritional Science & Food Management, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Park, Jeong Ah (Department of Nutritional Science & Food Management, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Hwang, Hyun Jung (Department of Nutritional Science & Food Management, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Kim, Seo Jin (Department of Nutritional Science & Food Management, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Choi, Jeong In (Department of Nutritional Science & Food Management, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Ha, Joo Young (Samsung Electronics Company) ;
  • Cho, Mi Sook (Department of Nutritional Science & Food Management, Ewha Womans University)
  • 주소영 (이화여자대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 박정아 (이화여자대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 황현정 (이화여자대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김서진 (이화여자대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 최정인 (이화여자대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 하주영 ((주)삼성전자) ;
  • 조미숙 (이화여자대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Received : 2016.06.27
  • Accepted : 2016.09.05
  • Published : 2016.12.31

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in the quality characteristics of mackerel fish fillet under freezing storage conditions. The changes in product quality were determined by measuring pH, volatile basic nitrogen (VBN); thiobarbituric acid (TBA), lightness ($L^*$), redness ($a^*$), yellowness ($b^*$) values, shearing force, and microbiological evaluation (Total Plate Count, TPC) during 21 days of storage at -20, -5, and $-1^{\circ}C$, and their shelf-lives were established. TPC as an effective quality indicator was used to estimate the shelf-life via linear regression analysis. The TPC increased steadily with increasing storage periods at every temperature (p<0.05) and showed a significant relationship with temperature at $-1^{\circ}C$ (r=0.949), $-5^{\circ}C$ (r=0.919), and $-20^{\circ}C$ (r=0.905). Therefore, based on TPC, the shelf life of the mackerel fillet was noted to be 32 days when stored at $-1^{\circ}C$, more than 51 days when stored at $-5^{\circ}C$, and about 2 months when stored at $-20^{\circ}C$.

본 연구는 고등어의 단기 저장 중 이화학적 분석을 통하여 가정에서 고등어 저장 시 냉동 저장 조건을 탐색해보았다. 고등어의 지방 산패 정도를 나타내는 TBA가에서는 저장 초기에는 $-5^{\circ}C$ 저장군과 $-20^{\circ}C$ 저장군이 유사한 경향을 보이나 저장 14일차부터는 $-1^{\circ}C$ 저장군이 $-5^{\circ}C$ 저장군과 유사한 경향을 보였다. 고등어의 단백질 신선도를 나타내는 VBN 함량과 pH도 $-5^{\circ}C$ 저장군과 $-20^{\circ}C$ 저장군이 유사한 추세를 보이며 증가하였다. 저장 초기에는 대부분의 실험항목에서 $-5^{\circ}C$ 저장군과 $-20^{\circ}C$ 저장군이 유사한 결과를 나타낸 점에 의의가 있다. 이상의 연구결과를 종합해 볼 때, 고등어의 단기 저장 시 $-5^{\circ}C$에서의 저장은 $-20^{\circ}C$에서의 저장과 유사한 측면을 보이며 약 51일간 저장이 가능할 것으로 예측되어 고등어의 단기 저장 시 신선도 유지에 효율적이라고 사료된다. 그러나 어류는 수분 함량이 많고 미생물의 번식이 쉽게 때문에 육류보다 부패하는 속도가 빨라 식중독 발생의 위험이 크므로 장기간 저장하기 위해서는 저온냉동이 필수적이라 사료된다. 추후 온도 조절뿐만 아니라 가정용 냉장고의 습도, 고등의 포장 방법, 저장 시 용량 등 여러 인자들의 조절로 가정 내 고등어의 냉동 저장에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 보인다.

Keywords

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