Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea (대한인간공학회지)

Ergonomics Society of Korea (대한인간공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Safety Culture, A New Challenge to Human Factors Engineering for 21st Century

  • Received : 2016.03.26
  • Accepted : 2016.05.04
  • Published : 2016.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objective: This paper discusses the recent challenges to human factors engineering due to the safety culture. Background: As incidents occurring in specific fields such as logistics, plant, energy and medical sectors in Korea, as well as in the public sectors including railway, road, aviation and shipping, are recently raised as social issues from the disaster dimension, those incidents are dealt with as man-made disasters in many cases. The trend regarding all accidents as man-made disasters has been expanded in the active perspective that the controllability of all incidents should be ensured in technology development, due to change from a fatal point of view regarding disasters as random occurrence of uncertainties in the past. Method: Man-made disasters are concluded as human errors, and safety culture stands out as a cause of human errors or a new cause item recently. Because safety culture, however, is a very comprehensive term, of which true nature is obscure, although many definitions of safety culture have been presented, the safety culture may make avoid the true nature and responsibility of an incident, or make the main player and subject obscure. Raising safety culture as a cause without presenting a specific countermeasure will be just a wisdom of hindsight. Results and Conclusion: This study reviews the fundamental discussions on "Is safety culture a task of human factors engineering?" and the existing approach carried out from various perspectives in order to seek an effective approach on the new task of safety culture in the human factors engineering field. This study discusses an engineering approach to meet a precondition that safety culture is not just an added factor through a review of the approaches in the proactive fields such as nuclear power and aviation, and the traditional approaches of human factors engineering. Application: This study especially defines the perspective of socio-technological system that has expanded the existing man-machine system, and discusses a systemic approach embracing various interactions, and several overriding tasks.

Keywords

References

  1. Choi, K.S., Nuclear Safety Culture, How to Cope with? (in Korean) J. Nuclear Industry 2008(2), 2008.
  2. Hollnagel, E. and Fujita, Y., The Fukushima Disaster-Systemic Failure as the Lack of Resilience, Nuclear Engineering and Technology, 45(1), 13-20, Feb. 2013. https://doi.org/10.5516/NET.03.2011.078
  3. Hofstede, G., Culture and Organizations: Software of the mind, (translated by Cha & Na in Korean), 1991.
  4. IAEA, Safety Culture, IAEA Safety Series No. 75: INSAG-4, 1991.
  5. IAEA, Developing Safety Culture in Nuclear Activities: Practical Suggestions to Assist Progress, IAEA Safety Reports Series No.11, 1998.
  6. IAEA, How to Perform Safety Culture Self-Assessments: Using Safety Culture Self-Assessments to Enhance Organizational Learning and Safety Performance (IAEA 2012-03-23), IAEA, 2012.
  7. IAEA, IAEA Report on Human and Organizational Factors in Nuclear Safety in the Light of the Accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, IAEA, 2014.
  8. IAEA, The Fukushima Daiichi Accident: Technical Volume 2/5 Safety Assessment, 2015.
  9. IAEA, Proceedings of International Conference on Human and Organizational Aspects of Assuring Nuclear Safety, IAEA, 2016.
  10. Jang, T.I., Kim, S.K., Oh, Y.J. and Lee, Y.H., State-of-the-Art Report for the Development of Countermeasures against Human Errors Caused by Individual Factors in NPPs, KAERI/AR-959, 2012.
  11. Jang, T.I., Kim, S.K., Oh, Y.J. and Lee, Y.H., Annual report on the Diagnostic technologies on the Nuclear Safety Culture and competences, KAERI, 2015.
  12. Jung, S.J., Choi, Y.S. and Jung, Y.H., Regulatory Oversight of Safety Culture - Korea's Experience and Lessons Learned, IAEA Conf. on HOA, Vienna, IAEA, 2016.
  13. Kang, B., Han, S. and Lee, Y.H., Conceptual Models of Violation Error in a Nuclear Power Plant, Journal of the Korean Society of Safety, 31(1), 126-131, 2016. https://doi.org/10.14346/JKOSOS.2016.31.1.126
  14. KHNP, The Establishing Assessment Standards of the Nuclear Safety Culture: final report, KHNP, 2012.
  15. Kim, D.H., Yoon, Y. and Lee, Y.H., An Assessment of Job-related Stress Factors in NPPs, Pro. ESK-2006 Spring, 2006.
  16. Kim, D.H., Lee, J.W. and Lee, Y.H., Assessment of Job Stress Factors and Organizational Personality Types for Procedure-based Jobs in NPPs, J. Nucl. Science & Tech., 45(8), 2008.
  17. Kim, S.K., Jang, T.I. and Lee, Y.H., An Investigation on Unintended Reactor Trip Events in terms of Human Error Hazards of Korean NPPs, Annals of Nuclear Energy, UK, 2014.
  18. Kim, S.S., Jang, T.I., Kim, S.K., Oh, Y.J. and Lee, Y.H., A Review on the Job Stress Measurements in NPP Workers for Human Error Prevention, Journal of the Ergonomic Society of Korea, 32(1), 47-58, 2013. https://doi.org/10.5143/JESK.2013.32.1.47
  19. Lee, J.S., Kim, A. and Im, S.T., A Study on the Development of the Safety Culture Inspection Process in Korea Railway, Proc. Railroad safety conference, 2012.
  20. Lee, Y.H., A More Effective Approach to the Analysis and the Prevention of the Human Errors, Proc. ESK-2006 Spring, 2006.
  21. Lee, Y.H., A Systematic Approach to the Countermeasures for Human Errors in NPPs, Proc. KNS-2009 Spring, 2009.
  22. Lee, Y.H., A State-of-the-Art Report on the Current Human Error Studies: What and How to Cope with, Journal of the Ergonomic Society of Korea, 30(1), 1-8, 2011a. https://doi.org/10.5143/JESK.2011.30.1.1
  23. Lee, Y.H., Research Activities and Techniques for the Prevention of Human Errors during the Operation of NPPs, Journal of the Ergonomic Society of Korea, 30(1), 75-86, 2011b. https://doi.org/10.5143/JESK.2011.30.1.75
  24. Lee, Y.H., A Preliminary Study on the Organizational Safety: Cultural Impacts on Human Error Potential, Proc. KNS-2011 Fall, 2011c.
  25. Lee, Y.H., A Strategic Enhancement of the Personnel Competences for the Safety Culture of NPPs, Proc. ESK-2013 Spring, 2013.
  26. Lee, Y.H., Countermeasures against Human Errors for Nuclear Safety, Proc. Nuclear Safety Research Symposium 2014, KAERI, 2014.
  27. Lee, Y.H., A Review on the Effective Countermeasures to the Recent Human Errors in High-Reliability Industrial Systems, Proc. ESK-2014 Fall, 2014.
  28. Lee, Y.H., A Concept and Application of 'Human Error 3.0' for High-Reliability Era, Proc. ESK-2015 Fall, 2015.
  29. Lee, Y.H., A Study on the Human Factors Engineering Approach to Safety Culture, Proc. ESK-2015 Fall, 2015.
  30. Lee, Y.H., Current Status and Issues of Nuclear Safety, Journal of the Ergonomic Society of Korea, 35(4), 247-261, 2016 https://doi.org/10.5143/JESK.2016.35.4.247
  31. Lee, Y.H. and Lee, Y., A Preliminary Systematic Approach to the Countermeasures for Human Errors in NPPs, Proc. KNS-2009 Spring, 2009.
  32. Lee, Y.H. and Yoon, J.H., A study on the effect of the coincidences between group traits and personal traits upon the job stress, Journal of Korea Industrial System Engineering, 35(2), 19-27, 2012.
  33. Perrow, C., Normal Accidents: Living with High-Risk Technologies, Basic Books, New York, 1984.
  34. Reason, J., Managing the Risks of Organizational Accidents, Ashgate Publishing Company, Brookfield, VT, 1997.