Journal of Wetlands Research (한국습지학회지)

Korean Wetlands Society (한국습지학회)
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The influence of water characteristics on the aquatic insect and plant assemblage in small irrigation ponds in Civilian Control Zone, Korea

민통선 둠벙의 수서곤충과 식물 군집에 대한 수환경 특성의 영향

  • Received : 2016.03.17
  • Accepted : 2016.08.24
  • Published : 2016.11.30
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Abstract

A small irrigation pond for a rice paddy field is a very important refuge for aquatic insects and plants. To reveal environmental factors determining species composition of aquatic insect and plant communities, we analyzed water chemistry and connection between pond and surrounding in five types of irrigation ponds based on water source and connection in CCZ of South Korea: stagnation, exchange-stagnation, spring, stagnation-spring, and exchange-spring types. The stagnation type had the most stable water chemistry among the 16 irrigation ponds studied, and the spring type had the most variable water chemistry. Anion content was highest in the stagnation type, and cation content was highest in the exchange-stagnation type. 228 taxa including 63 wetland plants and 95 aquatic insect taxa were recorded. Six rare plant species and four rare aquatic insect species were identified. The stagnation-spring type had the highest species richness. There was no correlation between size and species richness. Multivariate analyses showed distinctive species assemblages among the irrigation pond types. This would indicate that water chemical change at annual cycle and connection influenced on the species assemblages in irrigation pond. In additional, irrigation pond contributes to regional biodiversity in agricultural areas, as irrigation pond provides heterogeneous communities for the freshwater ecosystem.

본 연구에서는 둠벙의 수서곤충군집과 식물 군집에 영향을 주는 수환경 특성을 확인하고자 민통선에 존재하는 5개 유형 16개 둠벙을 선택하여 물의 화학적 특성과 둠벙과 주변 환경과의 연결 특성을 조사하였다. 둠벙의 유형으로는 괸물, 괸물-물흐름, 샘통, 괸물-샘통 그리고 물흐름-샘통형을 사용하였다. 연중 이온의 농도 변화는 괸물형 둠벙에서 가장 작았고 샘통형 둠벙에서 가장 컸다. 음이온 농도가 가장 높은 곳은 괸물형 둠벙이었으며, 양이온 농도가 가장 높은 곳은 물흐름-샘통형 둠벙이었다. 연구 장소에서 발견된 식물은 228종이었으며, 이중 습지 식물이 63종이었다. 수서곤충은 95종이 발견되었다. 확인된 희귀식물은 6종이었고, 희귀수서곤충은 4종이었다. 괸물-샘통형 둠벙에서 종풍부도가 가장 높았다. 둠벙의 크기와 종풍부도는 상관관계가 없었으며, 다변량 통계를 통해 분석한 결과 둠벙 유형별로 생물군집에서 차이가 나는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 둠벙에서 수환경 변화와 주변 환경과 둠벙의 연결성이 생물군집에 영향을 주는 것으로 확인되었으며, 둠벙은 담수생태계로서 이질성을 높여 농업지역의 생물다양성을 높이는데 기여함을 확인하였다.

Keywords

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