Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety (해양환경안전학회지)

The Korean Society of Marine Environment and safety (해양환경안전학회)
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The Budget of Nutrients in the Estuaries Near Mokpo Harbor

목포항 주변 하구역의 영양염 수지

  • Kim, Yeong-Tae (Tidal Flat Research Institute, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute) ;
  • Choi, Yoon-Seok (Tidal Flat Research Institute, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute) ;
  • Cho, Yoon-Sik (Tidal Flat Research Institute, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute) ;
  • Oh, Hyun-Taik (Marine Environmental Impact Assessment Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute) ;
  • Jeon, Seung-Ryul (Tidal Flat Research Institute, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute) ;
  • Choi, Yong Hyeon (Tidal Flat Research Institute, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute) ;
  • Han, Hyoung-Kyun (Tidal Flat Research Institute, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute)
  • 김영태 (국립수산과학원 갯벌연구센터) ;
  • 최윤석 (국립수산과학원 갯벌연구센터) ;
  • 조윤식 (국립수산과학원 갯벌연구센터) ;
  • 오현택 (국립수산과학원 해역이용영향평가센터) ;
  • 전승렬 (국립수산과학원 갯벌연구센터) ;
  • 최용현 (국립수산과학원 갯벌연구센터) ;
  • 한형균 (국립수산과학원 갯벌연구센터)
  • Received : 2016.09.12
  • Accepted : 2016.10.27
  • Published : 2016.10.31
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Abstract

Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone (LOICZ) models for nutrient budgets were used to estimate the seasonal capacity of the Youngsan Estuary and Youngam-Geumho Estuary to sink and/or supply nutrients such as dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) and nitrogen (DIN) to provide an understanding of the behavior of the coupled biogeochemical cycles of phosphorus and nitrogen in the estuaries (Youngsan Estuary, Youngam-Geumho Estuary) near Mokpo Harbor. During non-stratified periods (May, September, and November, 2008), simple three-box models were applied in each sub-region of the system, while a two-layer box model was applied during on-site observation of stratification development (July, 2008). The resulting mass-balance calculation indicated that even after large discharges from artificial lakes (in May and July), DIP influxes due to a mixing exchange ($V_{X-3}$, or $V_{deep}$) were more than terrigenous loads, indicating the backward transportation of nutrients from a marine source. The model results also indicated that for nutrient loads (DIP and DIN fluxes) in September, an extreme congestion of nutrients occurred around the mouths (sub-region III of the model) of the estuaries, possibly due to an imbalance in physical circulations between the estuaries and offshore locations. In November, the Youngam-Geumho Estuary, into which freshwater was discharged from artificial lakes (Youngam and Geumho Lake), showed nutrient enrichment in the water column, but the Youngsan Estuary showed nutrient depletion. In conclusion, to efficiently control water quality in the estuaries near Mokpo Harbor, integrated environmental management programs should be implemented. I.e., the reduction of nutrient loads from land basins as well as the deposit of nutrient loads into adjacent coastal lines.

LOICZ(Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone) 모델을 이용하여, 목포항 주변의 하구역(영산호 하구역, 영암호-금호호 하구역)에서 일어나는 생지화학적인 순환 과정을 이해하고자 계절별 영양염 수지를 산정하였다. 비성층화 시기인 2008년 5월, 9월, 11월에는 simple three-box model을 적용하였고, 성층이 발생했던 7월에는 two-layer box model을 적용하였다. 물질 수지를 산정한 결과, 5월과 7월에 외해역으로부터 영양염이 역유입되었고, 외해수와의 혼합에 의한 교환($V_{X-3}$, 또는 $V_{deep}$)을 통해 하구역으로 유입되는 영양염(DIP) 부하량이 인공 호수의 대규모 방류 영향을 받은 육상기인 유입량보다 더 많았다. 그리고 9월 물질 수지 결과에서는 하구역과 외해역의 영향을 동시에 받는 하구역 입구(sub-region III)에서 영양염의 과잉 적체가 발생되었다. 저수온기(11월)에 인공 호수(영산호)의 방류 영향이 없는 하구역에서는 영양염이 제거되었고, 담수 방류(영암호-금호호)의 영향을 받은 하구역에서는 수주 내 영양염이 축적되는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 결과들은 목포항 주변 하구역으로 유입되는 영양염들이 육상에서 기인할 뿐만 아니라, 외해역 그리고 하구역 내에서도 추가 공급되고 있다는 점을 시사하고 있다. 따라서 목포항 주변 하구역의 수질 관리를 위해서는 담수를 통한 육상기인 영양염 부하량을 저감하는 방안과 함께, 주변 해안으로의 영양염 유입도 저감하기 위한 통합 환경관리 대책이 수립되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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