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Quality characteristics of outer leaves of Kimchi cabbage according to various blanching treatment conditions

국내산 배추 우거지의 blanching 처리에 따른 품질 특성

  • Hong, Joo-Heon (Department of Food Science and Technology, Catholic University of Daegu) ;
  • Hwang, Tae-Young (Department of Food Science and Technology, Jungwon University)
  • 홍주헌 (대구가톨릭대학교 식품공학전공) ;
  • 황태영 (중원대학교 식품공학과)
  • Received : 2016.09.29
  • Accepted : 2016.12.05
  • Published : 2016.12.30

Abstract

The aim of this study was to establish an optimum blanching condition for outer cabbage leaves to increase utilization of the byproduct. Outer leaves of Kimchi cabbages were cut to size ($4{\times}4cm$) and blanched at 80, 90, $100^{\circ}C$ for 1, 3, and 5 min. Subsequently, weight loss, pH, total bacteria, coliform and texture properties were investigated. Sensory evaluation of a ready-to-cook soup prepared from blanched outer leaves was investigated to determine whether the quality of the blanched outer leaves was acceptable. Both weight loss and pH of outer leaves of Kimchi cabbage were increased by blanching. Compared to raw samples, total bacterial counts decreased and coliform bacteria were not detected. The hardness of raw leaf samples was $1.5kg{\cdot}force$ (N). Sample hardness was 18.7~21.7% lower after blanching for 3 min and 34.8~36.7% after blanching for 5 min. Sensory evaluation of outer leaves blanched at $100^{\circ}C$ for 5 min revealed significant differences from the other treatments (p<0.05). In addition, sensory evaluation scores for texture and appearance of outer leaves blanched at $100^{\circ}C$ for 3 min were higher than those for commercially available products. The results of this study indicate that blanching can be effective for developing a food product from the outer leaves of Kimchi cabbage.

배추의 녹색 겉잎을 이용한 우거지 원료 제조를 위해서는 blanching 조건의 확립이 중요하다. 당해 수확한 생배추의 녹색 잎 부분을 채취하여 $4{\times}4cm$ 로 절단하고 80, 90, $100^{\circ}C$에서 각각 1, 3, 5분간 blanching 하여 우거지를 제조하고, 우거지의 중량감소율, pH, 경도 및 관능검사를 실시하여 고품질 우거지 원료 확보를 위한 전처리 조건을 조사하였다. 또한 우거지의 품질이 우수한 blanching 조건을 적용하여 우거지를 함유한 냉동즉석국을 제조한 후 시판제품과 관능평가를 통한 비교를 실시하였다. Blanching 처리에 따른 중량감소율은 blanching 온도가 높고 시간이 길어질수록 증가하였다. 또한 중량감소가 큰 경우 pH의 변화 또한 크게 나타나 blanching을 통한 배추 세포 조직의 변화를 통한 내부성분의 용출 등이 있었음을 예측할 수 있었다. Blanching 온도 및 시간의 증가에 따라 경도(hardness)는 감소하였으며, 생배추의 경도인 $1.5kg{\cdot}force$에 비해 3분간의 blanching 처리 시 18.7~21.7%, 5분 처리 시 34.8~36.7% 수준이었다. 우거지 활용 제품의 경우 부드러운 식감이 장점으로 작용하기 때문에 경도의 변화가 크게 나타나는 3, 5분 처리구 및 90, $100^{\circ}C$ 처리를 통한 blanching 처리가 효과적일 것으로 판단된다. Blanching 처리에 따른 우거지의 관능검사 결과에서도 경도가 낮으며 질기지 않은 $100^{\circ}C$, 3분 처리구가 관능적 조직감에 유의적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이 조건을 적용한 우거지를 함유한 냉동 즉석국의 우거지 식감 및 외관은 3.3과 3.7로 나타나 시판제품에 비해 향상됨을 알 수 있었다.

Keywords

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