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Correlations between quality indices and consumer acceptance in environment-friendly 'Campbell early' grapes

친환경 포도의 품질 인자와 소비자 기호도의 상관성 분석

  • Lee, Da Uhm (Postharvest Technology Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute) ;
  • Bae, Jeong Mi (Postharvest Technology Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute) ;
  • Ku, Kyung Hyung (Postharvest Technology Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute) ;
  • Choi, Jeong Hee (Postharvest Technology Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute)
  • 이다움 (한국식품연구원 저장유통연구단) ;
  • 배정미 (한국식품연구원 저장유통연구단) ;
  • 구경형 (한국식품연구원 저장유통연구단) ;
  • 최정희 (한국식품연구원 저장유통연구단)
  • Received : 2016.10.26
  • Accepted : 2016.11.29
  • Published : 2016.12.30

Abstract

This study investigated the correlation between physicochemical (color, soluble solids content (SSC), pH, titratable acidity (TA), and firmness) and sensory (appearance, taste, odor, and texture) characteristics of environment-friendly 'Campbell early' grapes to identify quality indices. For analysis, samples of similar-sized grapes were collected from five orchards. The results showed that the physicochemical characteristics of CIE $L^*$, CIE $a^*/b^*$, SSC, pH, TA, and firmness and the sensorial characteristics of color intensity, freshness of stem, odor, sourness, sweetness, and elasticity were different among groups. Correlation analysis results showed that an increase in sweetness and firmness and a decrease in sourness were associated with an increase in overall acceptance. Sourness and sweetness were positively correlated with CIE $L^*$ (r=0.88) and firmness (r=0.95), individually. In the principal component analysis results, component F1 and F2 explained 44.35% and 33.77%, respectively, of the total variance (78.12%). F1 represented firmness, sweetness, elasticity, hardness, grape odor, color intensity, sweet odor, sourness, and damage degree. F2 represented CIE $L^*$, TA, CIE $a^*$, CIE $a^*/b^*$, SSC/TA, SSC, and peel thickness. The results showed that consumer acceptance of 'Campbell early' grapes can be determined by assessing physicochemical attributes of firmness, CIE $L^*$, TA, CIE $a^*$, CIE $a^*/b^*$, SSC/TA, and SSC and various sensorial attributes including sweetness, fruit elasticity, fruit hardness, grape odor, and color intensity.

본 연구는 'Campbell early' 포도의 품질예측을 위한 품질 지표를 구명하기 위하여 과피 색, SSC, pH, TA 그리고 경도 등 이화학적 품질 특성과 외관, 맛, 향 그리고 조직감 등 관능적 품질 특성을 각각 조사한 후 상관관계를 분석하였다. 동일한 크기의 포도를 5군데 농장으로부터 수집하여 본 연구에 시료로 사용하였다. 이화학적 품질 특성 분석 결과 과피의 CIE $L^*$, CIE $a^*/b^*$, SSC, pH, TA 그리고 경도가 시료군 간의 차이를 보였고, 관능적 품질 특성 분석 결과 과피 색의 강도, 줄기의 신선도, 포도 고유의 향, 신맛, 단맛 그리고 과립의 탄력도가 시료군 간의 차이를 보였다. 상관성 분석 결과 전반적인 기호도는 신맛이 약하고 단맛이 강하며, 경도가 단단할수록 높은 것으로 나타났다. 신맛은 이화학적 품질 특성 중 CIE $L^*$값과 $0.88^*$의 상관성을 보이고, 단맛의 경우 이화학적 품질 특성 중 경도와 $0.95^*$의 상관성을 보였다. 포도의 이화학적 품질 특성과 관능적 품질 특성의 주성분 분석을 실시한 결과 제 1주성분은 44.35% 그리고 제 2주성분은 33.77%의 설명력을 갖으며 총 설명력은 78.12%였다. 제 1주성분 중 이화학적 품질 특성은 경도로 나타났고 관능적 품질 특성은 단맛, 과립의 탄력도, 과육의 경도, 포도 향, 색의 정도, 단 향, 신맛 그리고 과피의 손상도로 나타났다. 제 2주성분 중 이화학적 품질 특성은 CIE $L^*$, TA, CIE $a^*$, CIE $a^*/b^*$, SSC/TA 그리고 SSC로 나타났으며 관능적 품질 특성은 과피의 두께로 나타났다. 본 실험 결과 이화학적 품질 특성인 경도, CIE $L^*$, 적정산도, CIE $a^*/b^*$, SSC/TA, 그리고 SSC와 관능적 품질 특성인 단맛, 과립의 탄력도, 포도 향, 색의 정도, 신맛 등을 'Campbell early' 포도의 품질지표로 적용하였을 때 소비자 기호도 예측이 가능할 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

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