Food Science and Preservation (한국식품저장유통학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Preservation (한국식품저장유통학회)
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Chemical compositions and antioxidant activities of Cheonnyuncho (Opuntia humifusa) stems and fruit

천년초의 성분특성과 항산화 활성

  • Received : 2015.09.18
  • Accepted : 2016.01.07
  • Published : 2016.02.28
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the chemical composition of the freeze-dried stems and fruit of the cactus Cheonnyuncho. The analysis showed that powdered stems have the highest fat content (1.91%) and the powdered fruits have he highest protein content (2.62%). The K content of the fruits higher than that of the stems, while the Ca, Mg, Na and P contents of the stems were higher than those of the fruits. Both the stems and fruits powders contained high levels of the amino acids glutamic acid and aspartic acid. The free sugars such as sucrose, fructose, and glucose were detected in both the stems and fruits. The 75% ethanol (EtOH) extract showed a relatively high antioxidative activity compared to those of the water and 75% methanol (MeOH) extracts. Furthermore, the 75% EtOH extract of the stem powder exhibited a total polyphenol content of 3.60 g/100 g, and a total flavonoid content of 2.00 g/100 g. The antioxidant activities of the stem and fruit powder extracts, measured in DPPH radical scavenging experiments, were higher than that of the control group.

천년초 줄기와 열매의 성분특성을 알아보고자 일반성분, 무기성분, 아미노산 함량 및 유리당 함량과 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드, 항산화 활성을 조사하였다. 천년초 줄기와 열매의 일반성분을 측정한 결과 줄기의 경우 조회분이 10.85%, 조단백질이 8.3%, 조지방이 1.91%이었으며 열매는 조회분이 7.47%, 단백질이 2.62%와 조지방이 1.82%로 나타났다. 무기성분은 K이 가장 높게 나타났으며 줄기보다 열매가 더 높게 나타난 반면 Ca, Mg, Na 및 P의 함량은 열매 보다 줄기가 더 높게 나타났다. 천년초의 주된 아미노산은 줄기의 경우 glutamic acid, aspartic acid, arginine이었고 열매는 glutamic acid, aspartic acid, leucine으로 나타났다. 유리당의 주된 성분은 sucrose, fructose, glucose로 확인되었다. 총 폴리페놀 총 플라보노이드의 함량은 추출 용매에 따라 다소 다르게 나타났으며 75% 에탄올 추출물이 가장 높았고 그 다음으로 75% 메탄올, 물 순으로 나타났지만 그 함량의 차이는 유의적으로 차이가 없었다(p<0.001). 항산화 활성으로 DPPH를 측정한 결과 추출물의 농도가 증가함에 따라 소거 활성능력도 증가하는 경향으로 75% 에탄올 추출물이 가장 높은 소거 활성능력을 보였다. 용매별 $RC_{50}$ 값은 $956.30{\sim}1,267.60{\mu}g/mL$로 우수한 항산화 작용을 나타내었으며 천연 항산화제인 ascorbic acid와 BHA는 각각 $10.50{\mu}g/mL$, $35.05{\mu}g/mL$의 소거능력을 가짐을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서, 천년초의 줄기와 열매의 영양성분 특성을 확인할 수 있었고 페놀류 및 플라보노이드 함량도 높았으며 항산화 효과가 있어 가공제품 개발이 식품소재로서 유익한 이용도를 높일 것으로 보인다.

Keywords

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