Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
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Actual Status of Task Performance and Need for System Improvement for Nutrition Teachers

영양교사의 교직 수행실태 및 제도개선에 대한 요구도

  • You, Ji Eun (Graduate School of Education, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Lee, Young Eun (Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Park, Eun Hye (Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungbuk National University)
  • 유지은 (충북대학교 교육대학원) ;
  • 이영은 (충북대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 박은혜 (충북대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Received : 2015.08.10
  • Accepted : 2016.01.30
  • Published : 2016.03.31
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify the status of task performance and working conditions for nutrition teachers in order to determine new ways to improve the current nutrition system and increase job satisfaction among teachers. From the 14th of July to the 26th of September 2014, email questionnaires were distributed to and collected from 311 nutrition teachers nationwide, including teachers at elementary, middle, and high schools. The results are as follows. First, over 90% of nutrition teachers indicated that their work was demanding. In particular, 63.5% of nutrition teachers at high schools worked more than 40 hours of overtime per month. Second, 73% of nutrition teachers provided nutrition education, but the percentage significantly decreased at upper levels of school. Nutrition teachers had difficulties teaching due to the absence of standard teaching materials and a lack of time due to excessive work. Teachers also wanted 30 hours of job training once per year during their vacation organized by the regional Department of Education. Third, around half of the nutrition teachers considered that promotion and transfer professions are necessary for systematic foodservice and education. An additional allowance was demanded by nutrition teachers at schools that serve two or three meals per day. Considering the results, alleviating the workload of nutrition teachers and more time preparing nutrition classes for student are required. Fair evaluation of job performance that considers work conditions of nutrition teachers should be considered.

본 연구는 전국 초 중 고등학교에 근무하는 영양교사 311명을 대상으로 2014년 7월 14일부터 9월 26일까지 영양교사 교직 수행실태 및 직무 수행에서 전반적인 어려움과 근로조건 개선에 있어 보완되어야 할 사항에 대한 의견을 조사하여 영양교사직의 발전을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였으며, 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 영양교사의 업무량 및 업무난이도에 대해 96.1%의 영양교사가 업무량이 과중하다고 느끼고 있었고 이는 학교 유형별로 유의한 차이를 보여 초등학교와 중학교보다 고등학교에 근무하는 영양교사들의 업무에 대한 부담이 특히 더 큰 것을 알 수 있었다. 응답자의 20.0%가 월 40시간 이상의 초과근무를 하고 있었는데 고등학교 영양교사의 경우 63.5%가 40시간 이상 초과근무를 하고 있어 초등학교 7.1%, 중학교 3.7%와 크게 대비되는 결과를 보였다. 둘째, 영양교사의 식생활 운영 실태와 식생활교육 인식의 경우 초등학교, 중학교 고등학교의 순으로 식생활교육 시행 경험이 높게 나타났고(P<0.001), 식생활교육을 하기 어려운 이유로서 표준화된 교육자료 및 지침서 부재에 대한 응답이 가장 높게 나타났다. 식생활교육이 어려운 이유에 대해 고등학교에서는 업무과다로 인해 시간이 부족하다는 응답이 초등학교, 중학교에 비해 높게 응답하였고(P<0.001), 학교 내에서 식생활교육에 대한 인식 부족 및 시수확보 문제와 관련하여 중학교에서 가장 어려움을 느끼는 것으로 조사되었다. 셋째, 영양교사의 연수와 관련하여 고등학교 영양교사가 초등학교와 중학교 영양교사보다 유의적으로 직무연수 경험이 적은 것으로 조사되었고(P<0.001), 직무 연수 개설 시기에 대해 방학 중에 실시하는 것이 좋다는 응답이 가장 높게 나타났으나 학기 중에 직무연수를 희망하는 비율이 중학교, 고등학교가 초등학교에 비해 높게 나타났다. 적정한 연수시간과 연수 주관기관에 대한 의견은 학교 유형에 따라 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 넷째, 영양교사의 학교 내에서의 처우를 조사하기 위하여 승진제도, 가산금 및 성과 상여금 수령 현황 및 인식을 조사하였다. 영양교사의 승진 및 전직 장애요인을 조사한 결과 6개 문항 중 4개의 문항이 평균 4.5점 이상으로 조사되었고, '타 교과교사에 비해 승진할 기회가 전혀 없다' 문항이 4.67점으로 가장 높은 점수를 보였다. 학교 유형별로 유의적인 차이를 보인 문항은 타 교과교사에 비해 낮은 승진기회(P<0.01), 정규교과가 없음(P<0.05), 학교구성원들의 영양교사 승진 및 전직에 대한 인식 부족(P<0.05)으로 조사되었다. 영양교사 교직수당 가산금에 대해 교직수당 가산금이 '적정하지 않다'는 의견이 227명(73.0%)으로 가장 많았고, 추가로 수당이 신설되어야 할 분야에서 초등학교의 경우 '위험수당'을 가장 높게 요구하였고 중고등학교의 경우 '2~3식에 대한 수당'을 가장 높게 요구하였다(P<0.001). 2012년~2014년까지 최근 3년간 영양교사 개인성과 상여금 등급 현황을 조사한 결과 최하위 등급인 'B등급'을 받은 영양교사가 2011년 75.2%, 2012년 68.1%, 2013년 65.5%로 조사되었다. 2014년 고등학교에서의 S등급의 비율이 14.0%, A등급 21.1%로 전에 비해 높아졌으나 2014년 교육부 교육공무원 성과 상여금 지급지침의 등급별 인원 배정비율 S등급 30%, A등급 40%, B등급 30%에 크게 미치지 못하였다.

Keywords

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