KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research (대한토목학회논문집)

Korean Society of Civil Engeneers (대한토목학회)
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A Variational Inequality-based Walkability Assessment Model for Measuring Improvement Effect of Transit Oriented Development (TOD)

대중교통중심개발(TOD) 개선효과 진단을 위한 변동부등식기반 보행네트워크 평가모형

  • Received : 2015.12.07
  • Accepted : 2016.03.16
  • Published : 2016.04.01
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Abstract

The core strategy of transit oriented development (TOD) is to promote high density mixed land use around railway stations. Case studies in advanced countries show that provision of policies for comprehensive maintenance of pedestrian facilities around railway station spheres is being pursued with efficacy. In spite of the importance placed on integrated pedestrian maintenance, domestic construction of integrated pedestrian infrastructure around railway station spheres lacks direction. Thus, there is a clear need for an evaluation standard that can provide the foundation for judgments on TOD improvement. This research proposes a network model that consolidates the interior of the station as well as its surrounding areas to determine the ease of pedestrian flow for effective TOD evaluation. The model considers the railway station and surrounding areas as an assembled network of pedestrian flow. The path chosen by the pedestrian is defined as the optimal degree of inconvenience, and expands on Wardrop's User Equilibrium (1952). To assess the various circumstances that arise on pedestrian facilities including congestion of the pedestrian pathway, constrained elevator capacity, and wait at the crosswalk, a variational inequality based pedestrian equilibrium distribution model is introduced.

대중교통중심개발(TOD)을 위한 핵심전략은 철도역을 중심으로 보행권내에서 고밀도의 복합토지이용을 유도하는 방안을 마련하는 것이다. 해외에서는 이미 역세권을 중심으로 보행시설의 통합정비를 위한 제도를 마련하고, TOD를 효과적으로 추진해왔다. 그러나 국내는 종합적인 보행정비의 중요성에도 불구하고, 역세권 중심의 통합보행인프라 구축에 대한 방향설정이 부족하다. 따라서 우선 역세권 주변의 보행시설의 통합정비에 대한 평가기준을 마련하여 TOD 개선에 대한 판단근거로 활용하는 것이 시급하다. 본 연구는 TOD의 효과 평가를 위해 역사 건물내부와 주변지역을 통합하여 보행의 원활한 정도를 평가하는 네트워크 모형을 제안한다. 모형은 철도 역사와 주변지역을 일체화된 보행 네트워크 상의 흐름으로 간주한다. 보행자가 선택한 경로는 최소시간 경로라고 정의하여 Wardrop의 이용자 균형(1952) 개념을 확대 적용하였다. 보행통로의 혼잡상황, 엘리베이터의 용량한계, 횡단보도의 대기와 같이 보행시설에서 나타나는 다양한 행태를 고려하기 위해서 변동부등식기반의 보행자 균형배정모형을 제안한다.

Keywords

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