Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
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Effects of Poly-Gamma Glutamate Contents Cheonggukjang on Osteoblast Differentiation

폴리감마글루탐산(PGA) 함유량이 증가된 청국장이 조골세포 분화에 미치는 영향

  • Lee, Ki Ho (Traditional Korean Medicine Research Team, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) ;
  • Sim, Mi-Ok (Traditional Korean Medicine Research Team, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) ;
  • Song, Yong Su (Heanam Natural Farming Association Cooperation) ;
  • Jung, Ho Kyung (Traditional Korean Medicine Research Team, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) ;
  • Jang, Ji-Hun (Traditional Korean Medicine Research Team, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Min-Suk (Traditional Korean Medicine Research Team, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Tae Mook (Traditional Korean Medicine Research Team, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Hyo Eun (Traditional Korean Medicine Research Team, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) ;
  • An, Byeong-Kwan (Traditional Korean Medicine Research Team, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) ;
  • Jung, Won Seok (Traditional Korean Medicine Research Team, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine)
  • 이기호 (한약진흥재단 한약자원본부) ;
  • 심미옥 (한약진흥재단 한약자원본부) ;
  • 송용수 (해남자연농업영농조합법인) ;
  • 정호경 (한약진흥재단 한약자원본부) ;
  • 장지훈 (한약진흥재단 한약자원본부) ;
  • 김민석 (한약진흥재단 한약자원본부) ;
  • 김태묵 (한약진흥재단 한약자원본부) ;
  • 이효은 (한약진흥재단 한약자원본부) ;
  • 안병관 (한약진흥재단 한약자원본부) ;
  • 정원석 (한약진흥재단 한약자원본부)
  • Received : 2015.12.21
  • Accepted : 2016.03.28
  • Published : 2016.05.31
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Abstract

Cheonggukjang (CKJ) is a Korean traditional food made of fermented soybeans. In comparison to normal intake of soybeans, Cheonggukjang has high digestibility with bioactive, antioxidant substances, and thrombolytic enzymes. Recent studies have reported anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity activities as well as inhibitory activities against osteoporosis for CKJ. In this study, we identified the effects of CKJ on osteoblast differentiation by increasing the polyglutamic acid (PGA) content of CKJ. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralization significantly increased in response to treatment with both natural CKJ (CKJ A) and PGA-increased CKJ (CKJ B). However, CKJ B exhibited higher ALP activity and mineralization than CKJ A. Real-time reverse transcription PCR demonstrated that mRNA expression of osteoblastic-associated genes such as type I collagen, alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and osteopontin in C2C12 cells was significantly up-regulated by CKJ A or B treatment. These results indicate that treatment with CKJ has an anabolic effect on bone by increasing osteoblastic differentiation and ALP activity. Increasing PGA content in CKJ had a greater effect than CKJ A on up-regulation of osteoblastic gene expression in osteoblast cells.

Polyglutamic acid(PGA) 함유량이 증대된 청국장이 조골세포에 미치는 영향을 세포 수준에서 관찰하고자 하였다. 조골세포에 미치는 영향을 관찰하기 위하여 세포 생존율, 염기성 인산분해효소(alkaline phosphatase, ALP) 활성, 골 석회화 형성능, 조골세포 분화 관련 유전자 발현능을 측정하였다. 세포 독성이 없는 농도에서 염기성 인산분해효소 활성을 측정한 결과 농도에 의존적으로 ALP 활성이 증가하였으며, 일반 청국장 A보다 PGA 함유량이 증가한 청국장 B가 더 높은 ALP 활성 증가 효과를 나타내었다. 청국장의 골 석회화 형성능을 측정한 결과 역시 청국장 A보다 B가 더 높은 석회화 형성능을 나타내었다. 또한 분화 관련 유전자인 OCN, OPN, Col1, ALP 역시 청국장 B가 A보다 유전자 발현이 더 높게 나타났다. 이러한 실험 결과를 바탕으로 PGA가 증대된 청국장이 기존 청국장보다 조골세포의 활성에 효과적일 것으로 생각한다.

Keywords

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