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황해연안의 2013년 11월 이상조위편차 발생 원인

The Cause of Abnormal Tidal Residuals Along the Coast of the Yellow Sea in November 2013

  • 김호균 (국립해양조사원 해양예보과) ;
  • 김영택 (국립해양조사원 해양예보과) ;
  • 이동환 ((주)지오시스템리서치 해양연구소)
  • Kim, Ho-Kyun (Oceanographic Forecast Division, Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency) ;
  • Kim, Young Taeg (Oceanographic Forecast Division, Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency) ;
  • Lee, Dong Hwan (Ocean Research Institute, Geosystem Research Corporation)
  • 투고 : 2016.04.21
  • 심사 : 2016.06.27
  • 발행 : 2016.06.30

초록

황해연안 조위관측소 10 개 지점에서 2013년 11월 24일 밤부터 25일 오전까지 관측한 해수면, 해면기압, 바람, 유동 자료뿐만 아니라 일기도를 분석하여 이상조위편차의 발생 원인과 관측자료들 간의 상호상관성을 알아보았다. 이상조위편차란 최대조위편차와 최소조위편차가 나타나는 시간동안 두 편차간의 차를 의미한다. 영종도의 최대조위편차는 111 cm, 최소조위편차는 -65 cm로, 4시간 1분 동안 176 cm의 이상조위편차를 보여 10개 조위관측소 가운데 가장 크다. 반면 모슬포의 이상조위편차는 8시간 52분 동안 약 68 cm로 가장 작다. 이 같은 이상조위편차는 기압점프에 의한 기상해일이 아니라 저기압에 의한 기압배치의 영향으로 바람에 의해 발생한 것으로 확인되었다. 각 지점에서 이상조위편차에 의한 흐름은 연평균 낙조류 세기의 16 ~ 41 %로 무시할 수 없을 정도이다. 조위편차, 바람, 조류잔차의 상호상관관계로부터 저기압의 중심이 한반도 서쪽에 가까이 위치해 있을 때 인천에서 남풍계열의 바람에 의한 북향류가 해수면을 상승시켰고, 한반도 통과 후 북풍계열의 바람에 의해 남향류가 해수면을 하강시켰다.

The cause of abnormal tidal residuals was examined by analyzing sea levels, sea surface atmospheric pressures, winds at ten tide stations, and current, measured at the coast of the Yellow Sea from the night of November $24^{th}$ to the morning of the $25^{th}$ in 2013, along with weather chart. Additionally, the cross-correlations among the measured data were also examined. The 'abnormal tidal residuals' mentioned in this study refer to differences between maximum and minium tidal residuals. The largest abnormal tidal residual was identified to be a difference of 176 cm occurring over 4 hours and 1 minute at YeongJongDo (YJD) with a maximum tidal residual of 111 cm and minimum of -65 cm. The smallest abnormal tidal residual was 68 cm at MoSeulPo (MSP) during 8 hours 52 minutes. The cause of these abnormal tidal residuals was not a meteo-tsunami generated by an atmospheric pressure jump but wind generated by the pressure patterns. The flow speed due to these abnormal tidal residuals as measured at ten tide stations was not negligible, representing 16 ~ 41 % of the annual average ebb current speed. From the cross correlation among the tidal residuals, winds, and tidal residual currents, we learned the northern flow, due to southerly winds, raised the sea level at Incheon when a low pressure center located on the left side of the Korean Peninsula. After passing the Korean Peninsula, a southern flow due to northerly winds decreased the sea level.

키워드

참고문헌

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피인용 문헌

  1. Decomposition of Water Level Time Series of a Tidal River into Tide, Wave and Rainfall-Runoff Components vol.10, pp.11, 2018, https://doi.org/10.3390/w10111568
  2. Development of Tidal Prediction Functions Considering Ocean Meteorological Factors vol.19, pp.6, 2016, https://doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2019.19.6.279