KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research (대한토목학회논문집)

Korean Society of Civil Engeneers (대한토목학회)
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Estimation of the Natural Damage Disaster Considering the Spatial Autocorrelation and Urban Characteristics

공간적 자기상관성과 도시특성 요소를 고려한 자연재해 피해 분석

  • Received : 2016.03.16
  • Accepted : 2016.05.10
  • Published : 2016.08.01
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Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effects of urban characteristics on the amount of damage caused by natural disasters. It is focused on the areas of a municipal level in Korea. Also, it takes into account the spatial autocorrelation of the damage caused by natural disasters. Moran's I statistics was estimated to examine the spatial autocorrelation in the damage from the study area. Subsequent to evaluating the suitability for spatial regression models and the OLS regression model, the spatial lag model was employed as an empirical analysis for the study. It showed that the increase in residential area leads to the decrease in the amount of natural disaster damage. On the other hand, the increase in green area and river basin is associated with the increase in the damage. As a result of empirical analysis, appropriate policy establishment and implementation about the damage-adding factors is needed in order to reduce the amount of damage in the future.

본 연구는 도시특성 요소가 자연재해 피해액에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 특히, 자연재해 피해액에 대한 공간적 자기상관성을 분석하고, 이를 고려한 공간회귀모형을 통한 실증분석을 실시하였다. 연구 대상지는 울릉군, 제주시, 서귀포시를 제외한 전국의 227개 지방자치단체로 설정하였고, 수집할 수 있는 가장 최근의 자료가 2013년이라는 점을 고려하여 분석 시점을 2013년으로 설정하였다. 여기서 울릉군, 제주시, 서귀포시를 제외한 것은 해당 지역들이 육지와 원거리에 있어 공간적 자기상관성 분석에서의 오차 내지는 오류가 발생할 소지가 있기 때문이다. 공간적 자기상관성 분석 결과, 2013년의 전국 지자체에서 발생한 자연재해 피해액은 통계적으로 유의한 공간적 자기상관성이 존재하는 것으로 도출되었다. 따라서 공간회귀모형을 활용하여 공간적 자기상관성을 통제할 필요가 있었고, 공간회귀모형과 OLS회귀모형의 비교를 통하여 공간회귀모형 중 공간시차모형이 최적합 모형인 것을 확인하였다. 공간회귀모형의 추정 결과를 살펴보면, 주거지역 면적이 증가할수록 자연재해 피해액이 감소하는 것으로 추정되었다. 반면에 녹지지역 및 하천 면적은 증가할수록 자연재해 피해액을 증가시키는 것으로 추정되었고, 통제변수로 활용된 연 강수량과 강우강도도 자연재해 피해액의 증가 요인으로 추정되었다. 실증분석 결과를 토대로 향후 자연재해 피해액 저감을 위하여 피해액 증가 요인에 대한 적절한 정책의 수립과 시행이 필요하다고 사료된다.

Keywords

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