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Effects of polyphenol and anthocyanin contents of Punica granatum fruit parts on their antioxidant and anticancer activities

석류 과실 부위별 폴리페놀 및 안토시아닌 함량이 항산화 및 항암 활성에 미치는 영향

  • Park, Jung-Suk (Department of Alternative Medicine, Kwang-ju Women's University) ;
  • Chon, Sang-Uk (Future Agro-Food Research Institute, EFARINET Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Moon, Eun Woo (Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University) ;
  • Jeong, Cheol-Yun (Department of Alternative Medicine, Kwang-ju Women's University)
  • Received : 2015.10.30
  • Accepted : 2016.06.03
  • Published : 2016.08.30

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the content of phenolics and various anthocyanin compounds, and antioxidant and anticancer activities of the extracts from pomergranates, which were produced in two different regions including Goheung, Korea and California, USA. These pomergrantes were divided into juice, pericarp, and seed parts and each part was extracted with 95% methanol. Content of total phenolics [mg chlorogenic acid equivalents/kg DW] was highest in pericarp, followed by juice and seeds from pomergrantes in both regions. The anthocyanins identified in pomegranate fruit were cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside chloride (Cy3,5G), cyanidin-3-O-glucoside chloride (Cy3G), delphini din-3,5-di-O-glucoside chloride (Dp3,5G), delphinidin-3-O-glucoside chloride (Dp3G), pelargonidin-3,5-di-glucoside chloride (Pg3,5G), and pelargonidin-3-glucoside chloride (Pg3G). Among these, cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside chloride (Cy3,5G) was the major anthocyanin in California pomegranate fruit juice and Goheung pomegranate fruit pericarp. DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl radical) free radical scavenging activity was dose-dependently increased, and was higher in pericarp part than juice or seed parts from pomergrantes in both regions. By MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay, pericarp extracts from pomergrantes in both regions showed the highest anticancer activity, which was higher on Calu-6 for human pulmonary carcinoma than SNU-601 for human gastric carcinoma. Correlation between polyphenols and anticancer activity on Calu-6 was determined to be in the range of $r^2=0.8904$ to 0.9706.

고흥산과 캘리포나이산의 석류나무(Punica granatum L.) 과실을 과육, 종자 및 외과피로 분리하여 부위별 총 페놀성 함량, 안토시아닌 함량, DPPH 라디컬 소거능에 대한 항산화 활성 및 항암활성을 비교 검토하였다. 석류과실의 총 페놀성 함량은 외과피>주스>종자 순으로 유의적인 차이로 높게 나타났다. DPPH 라디컬 소거능은 외과피>주스>종자 순으로 높았고, 특히 외과피의 항산화 활성은 vitamin C와 유사한 활성을 보였다. 폐암세포주(Calu-6)에 대한 추출물의 항암활성은 외과피>종자>과육 순으로 높게 나타났다. 고흥산 석류 과실 부위별 총 안토시아닌 함량은 외과피>주스>종자 순으로 나타났고, 함유된 주요 안토시아닌은 Cy3,5G로서 가장 높은 함량을 보였고 그 다음이 Cy3G,Dp3,5G순으로 높게 나타났다. 총 페놀성 함량과 Calu-6 폐암세포주 활성 간이 $r^2=0.9706$으로 가장 높았고, 그 다음이 총 페놀성 함량과 DPPH 라디컬 소거능 간, DPPH 라디컬 소거능과 Calu-6 폐암세포주 활성 간 순으로 상관계수($r^2$)가 각각 0.8904, 0.8309로 나타나 상호 연관이 있음을 나타냈다.

Keywords

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