Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Dietary Calcium Levels on Productive Performance, Eggshell Quality and Overall Calcium Status in Aged Laying Hens

  • An, S.H. (Team of An Educational Program for Specialists in Global Animal Science, Brain Korea 21 Plus Project, Konkuk University) ;
  • Kim, D.W. (Animal Nutrition & Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • An, B.K. (Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University)
  • Received : 2015.08.08
  • Accepted : 2016.01.15
  • Published : 2016.10.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of diets with varying levels of calcium on egg production, shell quality and overall calcium status in aged laying hens. A total of five hundred 70-wk-old Hy-Line Brown layers were divided five groups and fed one of the five experimental diets with 3.5%, 3.8%, 4.1%, 4.4%, or 4.7% Ca, for 10 weeks. There were no significant differences in feed intake, egg production and egg weight among groups. The cracked eggs were linearly reduced as dietary Ca levels increased to 4.7% (p<0.01). A significant linear improvement for eggshell strength and thickness were determined with increasing dietary Ca levels (p<0.01). The contents of serum Ca and phosphorus were not affected by dietary Ca levels. With increase in dietary Ca levels, the tibial breaking strength slightly increased. There were no significant differences in the tibial contents of ash, Ca and phosphorus among groups. In conclusion, eggshell quality, as measured by appearance, strength and thickness of eggshell, were influenced by dietary Ca content as expected (p<0.05). These results suggested that aged laying hens require relatively higher level of Ca than required levels from current Korean feeding standards for poultry.

Keywords

References

  1. Ahmed, N. M., K. A. Abdel Atti, K. M. Elamin, K. Y. Dafalla, H. E. E. Malik, and B. M. Dousa. 2013. Effect of dietary calcium sources on laying hens performance and egg quality. J. Anim. Prod. Adv. 3:226-231.
  2. Al-Batshan, H. A., S. E. Sceideler, B. L. Black, J. D. Garlich, and K. E. Anderson. 1994. Duodenal calcium uptake, femur ash and eggshell quality decline with age and increase following molt. Poult. Sci. 73:1590-1596. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0731590
  3. An, B. K., H. S. Kwon, B. K. Lee, J. Y. Kim, S. J. You, J. M. Kim, and C. W. Kang. 2010. Effects of dietary skullcap (Scutellaria baicalensis) extract on laying performance and lipid oxidation of chicken eggs. Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci. 23:772-776. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2010.90517
  4. AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists) International. 1995. Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International, 16th edn. AOAC International, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
  5. Castillo, C., M. Cuca, A. Pro, M. Gonzalez, and E. Morales. 2004. Biological and economic optimum level of calcium in White Leghorn laying hens. Poult. Sci. 83:868-872. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/83.6.868
  6. Chandramoni, S. B. Jadhao, and R. P. Sinha. 1998. Effect of dietary calcium and phosphorus concentrations on retention of these nutrients by caged layers. Br. Poult. Sci. 39:544-548. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071669888746
  7. Cufadar, Y., O. Olgun, and A. O. Yildiz. 2011. The effect of dietary calcium concentration and particle size on performance, eggshell quality, bone mechanical properties and tibia mineral contents in moulted laying hens. Br. Poult. Sci. 52:761-768. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2011.641502
  8. Elaroussi, M. A., L. R. Forte, S. L. Eber, and H. V. Biellier. 1994. Calcium homeostasis in the laying hen. 1. Age and dietary calcium effects. Poult. Sci. 73:1581-1589. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0731581
  9. Frost, T. J. and D. A. Roland, Sr. 1991. The influence of various calcium, and phosphorus levels on tibia strength, and eggshell quality of pullets during peak production. Poult. Sci. 70:963-969. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0700963
  10. Garlich, J., J. Brake, C. R. Parkhurst, J. P. Thaxton, and G. W. Morgan. 1984. Physiological profile of caged layers during one production year, molt and postmolt: Egg production, eggshell quality, liver, femur, blood parameters. Poult. Sci. 63:339-343. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0630339
  11. Haugh, R. R. 1937. The Haugh unit for measuring egg quality. US Egg Poult. Mag. 43:552-573.
  12. Jiang, S., L. Cui, C. Shi, X. Ke, J. Luo, and J. Hou. 2013. Effects of dietary energy and calcium levels on performance, egg shell quality and bone metabolism in hens. Vet. J. 198:252-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.07.017
  13. Keshavarz, K. and S. Nakajima. 1993. Re-evaluation of calcium and phosphorus requirements of laying hens for optimum performance and eggshell quality. Poult. Sci. 72:144-153. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0720144
  14. Korean Feeding Standard for Poultry. 2012. Nutrient Requirement of Poultry. National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Suwon, Korea.
  15. Koutoulis, K. C., I. Kyriazakis, G. C. Perry, and P. D. Lewis. 2009. Effect of different calcium sources and calcium intake on shell quality and bone characteristics of laying hens at sexual maturity and end of lay. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 8:342-348. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2009.342.348
  16. Leeson, S., J. D. Summers, and L. Caston. 1993. Response of brown-egg strain layers to dietary calcium or phosphorus. Poult. Sci. 72:1510-1514. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0721510
  17. Narvaez-Solarte, W., H. S. Rostagno, P. R. Soares, L. F. Uribe-Velasquez, and M. A. Silva. 2006. Nutritional requirement of calcium in white laying hens from 46 to 62 wk of age. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 5:181-184. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2006.181.184
  18. NRC (National Research Council). 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th edn. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA.
  19. Olver, M. D. and D. D. Malan. 2000. The effect of choice-feeding from 7 weeks of age on the production characteristics of laying hens. S. Afr. J. Anim. Sci. 30:110-114.
  20. Ousterhout, L. E. 1980. Effect of calcium and phosphorus levels on egg weight and eggshell quality in laying hens. Poult. Sci. 59:1480-1484. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0591480
  21. Parsons, C. M. 1999. The Effect of Dietary Available Phosphorus and Phytase Level on Long-term Performance of Laying Hens. BASF Corp., Florham Park, NJ, USA. pp. 24-33.
  22. Pelicia, K., E. Gracia, C. Mori, A. B. G. Faitarone, A. P. Silva, A. B. Molino, F. Vercese, and D. A. Berto. 2009. Calcium levels and limestone particle size in the diet of commercial layers at the end of the first production cycle. Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic. 11:87-94. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-635X2009000200003
  23. Punna, S. and D. A. Roland, Sr. 1999. Influence of supplemental microbial phytase on first cycle laying hens fed phosphorusdeficient diets from day one of age. Poult. Sci. 78:1407-1411. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/78.10.1407
  24. Robbins, K. R., A. M. Saxton, and L. L. Southern. 2006. Estimation of nutrient requirements using broken-line regression analysis. J. Anim. Sci. 84:E155-E165. https://doi.org/10.2527/2006.8413_supplE155x
  25. Roberts, J. R. 2004. Factors affecting egg internal quality and eggshell quality in laying hens. J. Poult. Sci. 41:161-177. https://doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.41.161
  26. Roland, Sr., D. A. 1987. Calcium and other factors involved in maintaining eggshell quality in commercial Leghorns. In:Proceedings of the Arkansas Nutrition Conference, Little Rock, AR, USA. pp. 96-100.
  27. Roland, Sr., D. A. 1988. Research note: Egg shell problems:Estimates of incidence and economic impact. Poult. Sci. 67:1801-1803. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0671801
  28. Roland, Sr., D. A., M. M. Bryant, and H. W. Rabon. 1996. Influence of calcium and environmental temperature on performance of first cycle (Phase 1) commercial leghorns. Poult. Sci. 75:62-68. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0750062
  29. Safaa, H. M., M. P. Serrano., D. G. Valencia, M. Frikha, E. Jimenez-Moreno, and G. G. Mateos. 2008. Productive performance and egg quality of brown egg-laying hens in the late phase of production as influenced by level and source of calcium in the diet. Poult. Sci. 87:2043-2051. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2008-00110

Cited by

  1. vol.99, pp.1, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2018-0062
  2. The Effect of Different Dietary Calcium Levels on Calcium Metabolism in Laying Hens vol.1, pp.1, 2018, https://doi.org/10.2478/alife-2018-0070
  3. The Influence of Hen Aging on Eggshell Ultrastructure and Shell Mineral Components vol.38, pp.5, 2016, https://doi.org/10.5851/kosfa.2018.e41
  4. Influence of peeling and inorganic calcium concentration on the utilisation of giant taro (Alocasia macrorrhiza) corm meal by laying hens vol.59, pp.8, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1071/an18625
  5. Evaluation of Black Soldier Fly ( Hermetia illucens ) Larvae and Pre-Pupae Raised on Household Organic Waste, as Potential Ingredients for Poultry Feed vol.9, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9030098
  6. Physical and mechanical properties of eggshell as affected by chicken breed and flock age vol.60, pp.5, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2019.1621992
  7. Dietary supplementation with protected calcium effects production and egg quality of Hy-line brown laying hens vol.60, pp.15, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1071/an19017
  8. Effect of Replacing Corn in Layer Quail Diets with Rice Husk Distillers' Dried Grain after Co-Culture Fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida tropicalis on the Production Performance an vol.19, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2020.10.22
  9. Probiotic Bacillus subtilis C-3102 Improves Eggshell Quality after Forced Molting in Aged Laying Hens vol.58, pp.4, 2016, https://doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.0200081
  10. Effects of dietary Bacillus subtilis supplementation and calcium levels on performance and eggshell quality of laying hens in the late phase of production vol.100, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2020.12.067
  11. Effect of Natural and Chemical Colorant Supplementation on Performance, Egg-Quality Characteristics, Yolk Fatty-Acid Profile, and Blood Constituents in Laying Hens vol.13, pp.8, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3390/su13084503
  12. Effects of Bacillus subtilis on Production Performance, Bone Physiological Property, and Hematology Indexes in Laying Hens vol.11, pp.7, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11072041
  13. Dietary phosphorus and calcium in feed affects miRNA profiles and their mRNA targets in jejunum of two strains of laying hens vol.11, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92932-3