Korean Journal of Agricultural Science (농업과학연구)

Institute of Agricultural Science, CNU (충남대학교 농업과학연구소)
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Impact of environmental factors on milk β-hydroxybutyric acid and acetone levels in Holstein cattle associated with production traits

  • Ranaraja, Umanthi (Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Cho, Kwang Hyun (National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Park, Mi Na (National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Choi, Tae Jung (National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Si Dong (National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Lee, Jisu (Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Hyun Seong (Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Do, Chang Hee (Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University)
  • Received : 2016.05.27
  • Accepted : 2016.08.12
  • Published : 2016.09.30
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Abstract

The objective of this study was to estimate the environmental factors affecting milk ${\beta}$-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) and acetone (Ac) concentrations in Holstein cattle. A total of 264,221 test-day records collected from the Korea Animal Improvement Association (KAIA) during the period of 2012 to 2014 were used in this study. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to determine the factors significantly affecting ketone body concentrations. Parameters considered in the model were season of test, season of calving, parity, lactation stage, and milk collecting time (AM and PM). According to the ANOVA, the $R^2$ for milk BHBA and Ac were 0.5226 and 0.4961, respectively. 'Season of test' showed a considerable influence on ketone body concentration. Least square (LS) means for milk BHBA concentrations was the lowest ($39.04{\mu}M$) in winter while it increased up to $62.91{\mu}M$ in summer. But Ac concentration did not significantly change along with 'season of test'. The means of milk BHBA and Ac concentrations were high at first lactation stage, low around second lactation stage, and then gradually increased. Cows milked in the morning had lower mean BHBA and Ac concentrations ($48.49{\mu}M$ and $121.69{\mu}M$, respectively) in comparison to those milked in the evening ($53.46{\mu}M$ and $130.42{\mu}M$, respectively). The LS means of BHBA and Ac slightly increased over parities. These results suggest that proper maintenance of milk collection, herd management programs, and evaluation of ketone body levels in milk should be considered for the efficient management of resistance to ketosis.

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