Food Science and Preservation (한국식품저장유통학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Preservation (한국식품저장유통학회)
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Quality characteristics of ground coffee extracts according to physical and chemical defects

커피빈의 물리화학적 결점에 따른 추출액의 품질특성

  • Sung, Jun-Hyung (Department of Food Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Cho, Jeong-Seok (Department of Food Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, Hyeon-Jeong (Department of Food Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Choi, Ji-Young (Department of Food Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, Yeong-Min (Department of Food Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Luo, Jin (Department of Food Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Moon, Kwang-Deog (Department of Food Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University)
  • Received : 2016.02.01
  • Accepted : 2016.07.29
  • Published : 2016.10.30
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Abstract

To examine the utilization possibility of defective coffee beans, non-defective and defective coffee bean were compared by means of its physiochemical properties and antioxidant capacities measured by DPPH radical scavenging activity, FRAP assay, total phenol contents, functional component (trigonelline, caffeine, chlorogenic acid) contents. After roasting process, pH and soluble solid contents of coffee extracts decreased; $L^*$ value decreased while $a^*$ and $b^*$ values increased. DPPH radical scavenging activities of defective green bean extracts were higher than that of non-defective green bean extracts. Immature green bean extract showed the highest radical scavenging activity. In FRAP assay, green bean extracts ranged from 15.28~21.80 mM TE which was higher than roasted bean extracts which showed 14.81~16.38 mM TE. Total phenol contents of green bean extracts ranged 191.06~256.25 mg% GAE which was higher than that of roasted bean extracts showed 161.91~173.44 mg% GAE. The contents of trigonelline, caffeine, chlorogenic acid in immature green bean extract were the highest, which showed 895.20 mg/L, 825.85 mg/L and 3,836.94 mg/L respectively. Each contents were decreased after roasting process. Results of this study suggest that defective coffee bean can be used as a functional food material.

커피의 풍미와 기호에 부정적인 영향을 미친다고 알려진 결점두의 활용가능성을 알아보고자 생두와 원두상태의 정상두와 결점두의 이화학적 특성을 분석하였다. 추출액의 pH와 가용성 고형분 함량은 로스팅 공정을 거친 후 감소하는 경향을 보였으며 색도는 $L^*$ value는 감소하고 $a^*$ value와 $b^*$ value는 증가하였다. DPPH radical 소거능은 로스팅 공정을 거친 후 감소하였으며 생두 추출물에서 결점두의 radical 소거능이 정상두보다 높았으며 Immature의 생두 추출물이 49.54%로 가장 높은 소거능을 나타냈다. 로스팅을 한 후 DPPH radical 소거능 원두 추출물간에는 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. FRAP 활성 또한 생두 추출물이 15.28~21.80 mM TE 로 14.81~16.38 mM TE 의 활성을 나타낸 원두 추출물보다 높았으며 Sour의 원두 추출물을 제외하고 정상두에 비해 결점두의 FRAP 활성이 높게 나타났다. 총 페놀성 화합물 함량은 생두 추출물이 191.06~256.25 mg% GAE의 범위로 161.91~173.44 mg% GAE 의 범위를 나타낸 원두 추출물보다 높은 함량을 보였으며 Immature의 생두 추출물이 256.25 mg%로 가장 높게 나타났다. Trigonelline, caffeine, chlorogenic acid 함량은 Immature의 생두 추출물이 각각 895.20 mg/L, 825.85 mg/L, 3,836.94 mg/L로 가장 높은 수치를 나타내었고, 로스팅 공정을 거친 후 감소하였으며 특히 chlorogenic acid의 함량은 급격히 감소하였다. 이상의 실험결과로 미루어 보아 결점두의 항산화능과 기능성을 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단되며 특히 활용할 시 생두의 형태가 더 적합하다고 판단된다.

Keywords

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