Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene (한국치위생학회지)

Korean Society of Dental Hygiene (한국치위생학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Residue by elapsed time of non-enzymatic antioxidants in dentifrice

세치제에 함유된 비효소계 항산화제의 경시변화에 따른 잔류량

  • Park, Jung-Eun (Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Park, Yong-Duk (Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Hong, Tae-Gi (Department of Chemistry, Hanseo University) ;
  • Jang, Jong-Hwa (Department of Dental Hygiene Science, Hanseo University)
  • 박정은 (경희대학교 치과대학 예방/사회치과학교실) ;
  • 박용덕 (경희대학교 치과대학 예방/사회치과학교실) ;
  • 홍태기 (한서대학교 화학과) ;
  • 장종화 (한서대학교 치위생학과)
  • Received : 2016.08.21
  • Accepted : 2016.10.26
  • Published : 2016.10.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the non-enzymatic antioxidants stabilities in dentifrices by ascorbic acid and tocopherol according to the chemical condition. Methods: For the analysis of two antioxidants, HPLC UV detector system was used. HPLC was performed using sodium sulfate, acetonitrile(ACN), methanol(MeOH) and measuring absorbance at 240-295 nm. To confirm general pH reaction of two compounds, buffer solution was prepared for the analysis. The dentifrice was titrated by pH so as to examine the change of elapsed time in dentifrice. Linearity of calibration curve of two antioxidants was measured. Results: Each compound showed good linearity at optimized wavelength as well as showing good precision. General pH reaction of two antioxidants was examined. Ascorbic acid showed the highest residue(63.23%) at pH 10 and the lowest residue(2.77%) at pH 4. Tocopherol showed the highest residue(55.70%) at pH 7 and the lowest residue(3.31%) at pH 4. As a result of changing elapsed time of antioxidants in dentifrice by pH, components were remained stably at low temperature($39.2^{\circ}F$) and pH 7. Conclusions: It is necessary to keep dentifrice including ascorbic acid and tocopherol, and non-enzymatic antioxidants at pH 7 and low temperature for improving chemical stability.

Keywords

References

  1. Alessio HM. Exercise-induced oxidative stress. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1993; 25: 218-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199302000-00010.
  2. Halliwell B, John G. The chemistry of free radicals and related 'reactive species' In: Free radical in biology and medicine. Fourth edition. Halliwell B, John G: New York: Clarendon press oxford: 2007: 1-777.
  3. Alfadda AA, Sallam RM. Reactive oxygen species in health and disease. J Biomed Biotechnol 2012; 2012: 936486. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/936486.
  4. Volko M, Leibfritz D, Moncol J, Cronin MT, Mazur M, Telser J. Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2007; 39: 44-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2006.07.001.
  5. Hong JK. A study on skin aging caused by free-radical and on efficacy of antioxidant vitamins. Kor Aesth Soc 2009; 7: 51-62.
  6. Bounous G, Molson JH. The antioxidant system. Anticancer Res 2003; 23: 1411-5.
  7. Urso ML, Clarkson PM. Oxidative stress, exercise, and antioxidant supplementation. Toxicology 2003; 189: 41-54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0300-483x(03)00151-3.
  8. Branen AL. Toxicology and biochemistry of butylated hydroxyanisole and butylated hydrotoluene. J Am Oil Chem Soc 1975; 52: 59-63. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02901825.
  9. Maeura Y, Weisburger JH, Williams GM. Dose-dependent reduction of N-2-fluorenylacetamide-induced liver cancer and enhancement of bladder cancer in rats by butylated hydroxytoluene. Cancer Res 1984; 44: 1604-10.
  10. Jang JH, Park YD, Ryu DY. The effect of garlic extract on antibacterial activity of periopathogens. J Korean Soc Dent Hyg 2012; 12: 631-40. https://doi.org/10.13065/jksdh.2012.12.3.631.
  11. Jang JH. The effect of dentifrice containing garlic extract on dental plaque and gingivitis. J Korean Soc Dent Hyg 2008; 8: 67-76.
  12. Simon JA, Hudes ES. Serum ascorbic acid and gallbladder disease prevalence among US adults: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). Arch Intern Med 2000; 160: 931-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.160.7.931.
  13. Quattrucci E, Masci V. Nutritional aspects of food preservatives. Food Addit Contam 1992; 9: 515-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02652039209374105.
  14. Ekuni D, Tomofuji T, Sanbe T, Irie K, Azuma T, Maruyama T, et al. Periodontitis-induced lipid peroxidation in rat descending aorta is involved in the initiation of atherosclerosis. J Periodontal Res 2009; 44: 434-42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.2008.01122.x.
  15. Zanoni JN, Lucas NM, Trevizan AR, Souza ID. Histological evaluation of the periodontal ligament from aged Wistar rats supplemented with ascorbic acid. An Acad Bras Cienc 2013; 85: 327-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652013005000003.
  16. Battino M, Ferreiro MS, Armeni T, Politi A, Bompadre S, Massoli A, et al. In vitro antioxidant activities of antioxidant-enriched toothpastes. Free Radic Res 2005; 39: 343-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10715760400023853.
  17. Cachia O, Benna JE, Pedruzzi E, Descomps B, Gougerot- Pocidalo MA, Leger CL. $\alpha$-tocopherol inhibits the respiratory burst in human monocytes. attenuation of p47(phox) membrane translocation and phosphorylation. J Biol Chem 1998; 273: 32801-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.273.49.32801.
  18. Manolagas SC, Parfitt AM. What old means to bone. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2010; 21: 369-74. http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.tem.2010.01.010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tem.2010.01.010
  19. Matsui S, Tsujimoto Y, Ozawa T, Matsushima K. Antioxidant effects of antioxidant biofactor on reactive oxygen species in human gingival fibroblasts. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2011; 48: 209-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3164/jcbn.10-85.
  20. Galli C, Passeri G, Macaluso GM. FoxOs, Wnts and oxidative stress-induced bone loss: new players in the periodontitis arena?. J Periodontal Res 2011; 46: 397-406. http://dx.doi. org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.2011.01354.x.
  21. Iwasaki M, Manz MC, Taylor GW, Yoshihara A, Miyazaki H. Relations of serum ascorbic acid and $\alpha$-tocopherol to periodontal disease. J Dent Res 2012; 91: 167-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034511431702.
  22. Ball GFM. properties of vitamins In: Vitamins in foods. Analysis, Bioavailability, and Stability. Ball GFM: New York: CRC Press 2005; 3-777.
  23. Cahill A, Wang X, Hoek JB. Increased oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA following chronic ethanol consumption. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1997; 235: 286-90. https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1997.6774
  24. Huttner EA, Machado DC, de Oliveira RB, Antunes AG, Hebling E. Effects of human aging on periodontal tissues. Spec Care Dentist 2009; 29: 149-55. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1754-4505.2009.00082.x.
  25. Gentili A, Caretti F, D'Ascenzo G, Marchese S, Perret D, Di Corcia D, et al. Simultaneous determination of water-soluble vitamins in selected food matrices by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2008; 22: 2029-43. https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.3583.
  26. Leporati A, Catellani D, Suman M, Andreoli R, Manini P, Niessen WM. Application of a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method to the analysis of water-soluble vitamins in Italian pasta. Anal Chim Acta 2005; 531: 87-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2004.10.006.
  27. Li K. Simultaneous determination of nicotinamide, pyridoxine hydrochloride, thiamine mononitrate and riboflavin in multivitamin with minerals tablets by reversed-phase ion-pair high performance liquid chromatography. Biomed Chromatogr 2002; 16: 504-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.192.
  28. Mattila PH, Hellstrom J, McDougall G, Dobson G, Pihlava JM, Tiirikka T, et al. Polyphenol and vitamin C contents in European commercial blackcurrant juice products. Food Chem 2011; 127: 1216-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.01.129.
  29. Vinas P, Pastor-Belda M, Campillo N, Bravo-Bravo M, Hernandez Cordoba M. Capillary liquid chromatography combined with pressurized liquid extraction and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the determination of vitamin E in cosmetic products. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 94: 173-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2014.02.001.
  30. Lebiedzinska A, Marszall ML, Kuta J, Szefer P. Reversedphase high-performance liquid chromatography method with coulometric electrochemical and ultraviolet detection for the quantification of vitamins B(1) (thiamine), B(6) (pyridoxamine, Pyridoxal and pyridoxine) and B(12) in animal and plant foods. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1173: 71-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2007.09.072.
  31. Cimadevilla HM, Hevia D, Miar A, Mayo JC, Lombo F, Sainz RM. Development and validation of a single HPLC method for determination of $\alpha$-tocopherol in cell culture and in human or mouse biological samples. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 29: 843-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.3362.
  32. Vinas P, Bravo-Bravo M, Lopez-Garcia I, Hernandez Cordoba M. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the determination of vitamins D and K in foods by liquid chromatography with diode-array and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry detection. Talanta 2013; 115: 806-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2013.06.050.
  33. Jang JH, Park YD, Ahn HK, Kim SJ, Lee JY, Kim EC, et al. Analysis of green tea compounds and their stability in dentifrices of different pH levels. Chem Pharm Bull 2014; 62: 328-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/cpb.c13-00814.
  34. 34. Yoshida Y, Van Meerbeek B, Nakayama Y, Yoshioka M, Snauwaert J, Abe Y, et al. Adhesion to and decalcification of hydroxyapatite by carboxylic acids. J Dent Res 2001; 80: 1565-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345010800061701.
  35. Huang HH. Corrosion resistance of stressed NiTi and stainless steel orthodontic wires in acid artificial saliva. J Biomed Mater Res A 2003; 66: 829-39. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.10463.
  36. Sapei L, Hwa L. Study on the kinetics of vitamin C degradation in fresh strawberry juices. Procedia Chem 2014; 9: 62-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proche.2014.05.008.
  37. Kebede E, Mannheim CH, Miltz J. Ascorbic acid retention in a model food packed in barrier plastic trays and in cans. J Food Sci 1998; 31: 33-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.10463.
  38. Kim SH. The stability evaluation and the simultaneous determination of soluble vitamins by HPLC in dietary supplements [Doctoral dissertation]. Seoul: Univ. of Sookmyung Women's, 2004.
  39. Hussein A, Odumeru JA, Ayanbadejo T, Faulkner H, McNab WB, Hager H, et al. Effects of processing and packaging on vitamin C and b-carotene content of ready-to-use(RTU) vegetables. Food Res Int 2000; 33: 131-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0963-9969(00)00027-2.
  40. Gallarate M, Carlotti ME, Trotta M, Bovo S. On the stability of ascorbic acid in emulsified systems for topical and cosmetic use. Int J Pharm 1999; 188: 233-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5173(99)00228-8.
  41. Shin TS, Samuel Godber J, Martin DE, Wells JH. Hydrolytic stability and changes in E vitamers and oryzanol of extruded rice bran during storage. J Food Sci 1997; 62: 704-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1997.tb15440.x.
  42. Li J, Chotiko A, Narcisse DA, Sathivel S. Evaluation of alpha-tocopherol stability in soluble dietary fiber based nanofiber. Food Sci Technol 2016; 68: 485-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2015.12.042.