Acta Via Serica

Academia Via Serica (계명대학교 실크로드연구원)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

DISCOVERY OF ROCK ART IN AZAD, JAMMU AND KASHMIR

  • KHAN, M. ASHRAF (Taxila Institute of Asian Civilizations, Quaid-i-Azam University) ;
  • KHAN, SUNDUS ASLAM (Taxila Institute of Asian Civilizations, Quaid-i-Azam University)
  • Published : 2017.12.15
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Since the beginning of the human world, man has tried to prove his presence on the earth. Wherever he moved, he left his marks in different forms. Whether he lived in caves, in open spaces or in-built structures, he left evidence in art form, the earliest of which are the cave paintings found in various regions of the world. These transformed into open spaces where man carved and painted images and writings on rock faces and boulders. Although Pakistan provided an early home to such art forms, they have been discovered in Kashmir for the first time and will be revealed in this paper. In the present survey, a great number of rock art sites were found and documented in detail. These rock art sites display the earliest communities who settled down or traveled through the region, highlighting their thoughts, beliefs and practices. The tentative chronology of these rock art sites ranges from Neolithic to Hindu periods, creating an interesting mosaic in the historic profile of Kashmir.

Keywords

References

  1. Arif, Muhammad. 2002. "Buddhist Petroglyphs along the Silk Road Northern Areas Pakistan." PhD Diss. University of Karachi.
  2. Dani, A. H. 1983. Human Records on Karakoram Highway. Islamabad: Centre for the study of Civilizations of Central Asia, Quaid-i-Azam University.
  3. Deambi, B.K. Kaul. 1982. Corpus of Sarada Inscriptions of Kashmir: With Special Reference to Origin and Development of Sarada Script. Delhi: Agam Kala Prakashan.
  4. Hauptmann, Herald. 1997. The Indus Cradles and Crossroads of Civilization. Pakistan-German Archaeological Research, Islamabad.
  5. Hunbach, Helmut. 1985. "The Sogdian Inscription of Thor-Shatial." Journal of Central Asia VIII (1): 51-58.
  6. Jettmar, Karl. 1993. "The Patolas, Their Governors and Their Successors." Antiquities of Northern Areas of Pakistan II: 77-122.
  7. Jettmar, Karl. 2008. "Petroglyphs as Evidence for Religious Configuration." Journal of Asian Civilizations 31: 65-146.
  8. Vohra, Rohit. 2005. "Rock Art in Ladakh." Himalayan Studies Ladakh Series V: 1-35.
  9. Kakar, F. D. 2003. "Discovery of Upper Paleolithic Rock Art in Balochistan, Pakistan." In South Asian Archaeology, edited by Ute Franke-Vogt & Hans Joachim Weisshaar, 21-27. Aachen: Linden Soft (Forchungen Zur Archaeogie).
  10. Kalhoro, Zulfiqar A. 2010. "The Rock Carvings of Shakloi Dhoro (Nai Gaj, Sindh)." Journal of Asian Civilizations 32 (2).
  11. Kalhoro, Zulfiqar A. 2014. "Rock Slides and Rock Carvings in Angai Valley (Sindh, Pakistan)." Arnava III (2): 9-17.
  12. Kalhoro, Zulfiqar A. 2013. "Cupules in Kirthar, Sindh (Pakistan)." Boletin APAR 5, IFRAO.
  13. Kalhoro, Zulfiqar A. 2009. "Rock Carvings and Inscriptions of Sado Mazo in Johi, Dadu, Sindh, Pakistan." Journal of Asian Civilizations 32 (2): 115-147.
  14. Pati, Narendranath B. 2003. The Variegated Plumage: Encounters with Indian Philosophy: a Commemoration Volume in Honour of Pandit Jankinath Kaul "Kamal." New Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers.
  15. Qamar, Mian Syed. 1985. "Pottery Collection from Chilas region (Northern Area of Pakistan)." Journal of Central Asia iii (1).
  16. Schaafsma Polly. 1986. Indian Rock Art of the Southwest. Mexico: UNM Press.
  17. Tikoo, Colonel Tej K. 1990. Kashmir: Its Aborigines and Their Exodus. Lancer Publishers, New Delhi, India.
  18. Ucko Peter J., and Andree Rosenfeld. 1967. Paleolithic Cave Art. McGraw-Hill, New York, NY.