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Inhibitory Effects of Myelophycus simplex Papenfuss Methanol Extract on Melanogenesis in B16F10 Melanoma Cells

바위수염 메탄올 추출물이 B16F10 흑색종 세포에서의 멜라닌합성에 미치는 영향

  • Received : 2016.11.09
  • Accepted : 2017.01.10
  • Published : 2017.01.31

Abstract

Myelophycus simplex Papenfuss, a type of brown algae, is known to be majorly distributed in along the southern coast of Korea and Japan. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of M. simplex Papenfuss methanol extract (MSPME) on melanogenesis in ${\alpha}$-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-stimulated B16F10 melanoma cells. Melanin contents of B16F10 melanoma cells were decreased by 27, 41, and 59% in a dose-dependent manner, upon MSPME treatment at 100, 300, and $500{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Tyrosinase activities in B16F10 melanoma cells were decreased by 18, 49, and 61% in a dose-dependent manner, upon MSPME treatment at 100, 300, and $500{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. MSPME suppressed expression of tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1, tyrosinase-related protein-2, and melanocyte-inducing transcription factor in B16F10 melanoma cells. Concentration of $50{\mu}g/mL$ of MSPME especially induced greater decreases in tyrosinase activity, melanin contents, and melanogenic enzyme protein expressions. This results indicate that MSPME inhibits melanin synthesis and tyrosinase activity, and M. simplex Papenfuss extract may be an ideal candidate as a skin whitening agent.

본 연구는 바위수염 메탄올 추출물이 천연 미백 소재로의 가능성을 알아보기 위해 멜라닌 함량, 세포 내 tyrosinase 활성 측정 및 단백질 발현 실험이 수행되었다. 바위수염 메탄올 추출물의 농도에 따른 MTT assay를 통해 세포 생존율 및 증식에 큰 영향을 미치지 않는 $500{\mu}g/mL$ 농도까지를 실험 조건으로 설정하였다. B16F10 melanoma cell의 멜라닌 생성에 미치는 영향을 측정한 결과 대조군에 비하여 ${\alpha}-MSH$만 처리한 경우 뚜렷하게 증가하였고, 바위수염 메탄올 추출물을 100, 300, $500{\mu}g/mL$의 농도로 각각 처리한 결과 ${\alpha}-MSH$만을 처리한 것과 비교해 27%, 41%, 59%로 농도 의존적으로 감소하였다. Tyrosinase 활성도 마찬가지로 바위수염 메탄올 추출물을 100, 300, $500{\mu}g/mL$의 농도로 각각 처리한 결과 ${\alpha}-MSH$만을 처리한 것과 비교해 18%, 49%, 61%로 농도 의존적으로 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 바위수염 메탄올 추출물이 멜라닌 합성 관련 단백질 발현에 대한 영향을 확인하기 위하여 western blot으로 미백관련 전사인자인 MITF, TRP-1, TRP-2, tyrosinase 발현을 조사하였다. ${\alpha}-MSH$를 단독 처리한 경우에 각 단백질의 발현이 현저하게 증가하는 것을 확인할 수 있었으나, 바위수염 메탄올 추출물을 처리한 경우 농도 의존적으로 감소하는 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 $500{\mu}g/mL$의 농도에서 매우 효과적으로 억제되었다. 이상의 결과로부터 바위수염 추출물은 멜라닌 생합성에 있어서 상위신호단계에 있는 전사인자 MITF의 활성을 억제한다고 보고, 향후 미백 기능성 화장품 소재로서 활용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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