Food Science and Preservation (한국식품저장유통학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Preservation (한국식품저장유통학회)
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Optimization of blue berry extraction for beverage production using enzyme treatment

효소처리에 의한 블루베리 음료 생산을 위한 최적추출조건

  • Ji, Yu-Jeong (Department of Food Engineering, Daegu University) ;
  • Im, Moo-Hyeog (Department of Food Engineering, Daegu University)
  • Received : 2016.10.12
  • Accepted : 2017.01.18
  • Published : 2017.02.28
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Abstract

In this study, we tried to establish the best method for fresh blueberry beverage production using enzyme treatment as well as low temperature extraction. During extraction of physiologically functional materials, we used low temperature to prevent nutritional loss by heat. In addition, we investigated optimal blueberry extraction conditions using various enzyme treatments (cellulase, pectinase, cellulase:pectinase (1:1) mixture) to increase extraction efficiency and reduce turbidity. A variety and ratio of enzymes, extraction temperature, extraction time, and shaking speed were considered for the best extraction efficiency rate. We observed high extraction efficiency rates of 85.72-86.55% and 87.06-87.93%, respectively, upon cellulase or pectinase treatment. In addition, a mixture of cellulase:pectinase (1:1) showed an extraction efficiency rate of 86.84-88.14%. The best extraction efficiency rate was observed when crude blueberry was treated at $45^{\circ}C$ (87.91%), for 3 h (87.88%), in a 90 rpm shaker (89.19%). Sugar content and acidity of blueberry extract were not affected by the various treatments. However, total phenolic compounds were detected upon pectinase treatment (18.62 mg/g). Only fructose and glucose as free sugars were found in all samples regardless of treatments and extraction conditions.

본 연구에서는 저온추출 뿐만 아니라 효소처리를 이용하여 생과형 블루베리 과일음료생산을 위한 최적의 방법을 확립하고자 하였다. 생리학적 기능성물질 추출 시 열에 의한 영양손실을 막기 위해 저온을 사용하였다. 또한 다양한 효소처리를 이용하여 혼탁 방지 및 추출수율 향상을 위한 최적의 추출조건을 확립하고자 하였다. 블루베리를 cellulase, pectinase 및 cellulase:pectinase(1:1) 혼합 효소와 효소 처리량, 추출온도, 추출시간, 추출 교반속도 등을 고려한 다양한 조건으로 추출하였을 때, 가장 우수한 추출 조건을 조사하였다. cellulase로 처리할 경우, 추출률이 85.72-86.55%, pectinase 처리구는 87.06-87.93%, cellulase:pectinase(1:1) 혼합 처리할 경우, 86.84-88.14%의 추출률을 나타냈다. 추출 온도는 $45^{\circ}C$에서 $87.91{\pm}0.05%$, 3시간 추출 하였을 경우 $87.88{\pm}0.10%$, 교반속도는 90 rpm에서 가장 높은 추출결과를 보였다. 블루베리 추출액의 당도 및 pH는 추출 조건에 관계없이 모든 처리구에서 통계학적으로 유사한 결과를 보였으나, 총 폴리페놀 함량은 pectinase 처리구에서 18.62 mg/g으로 가장 높은 값을 나타냈다. 유리당 함량은 모든 시료에서 과당과 포도당 두 가지 당류만 검출되었으며 cellulase 효소 0.10%를 처리한 블루베리 추출액의 유리당 함량이 포도당 0.51%, 과당 0.49%로 가장 높았으나 다른 처리구와 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 블루베리를 이용하여 생과일형 음료 제조를 위한 최적 조건은 cellulase: pectinase(1:1) 혼합효소 0.1%를 첨가하여 $45^{\circ}C$ 온도에서 90 rpm의 교반속도로 조사되었다.

Keywords

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