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Feasibility of near-infrared spectroscopic observation for traditional fermented soybean production

전통 메주 제조과정에 있어서 근적외 모니터링 가능성 조사

  • Jeon, Jae Hwan (School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, Seon Mi (School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Cho, Rae Kwang (School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University)
  • 전재환 (경북대학교 응용생명과학부) ;
  • 이선미 (경북대학교 응용생명과학부) ;
  • 조래광 (경북대학교 응용생명과학부)
  • Received : 2017.01.03
  • Accepted : 2017.01.31
  • Published : 2017.02.28

Abstract

In this study, near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy known as a non-destructive analysis technique was applied to investigate peptide cleavage and consequent release of amino acids in soybean lumps as affected by its moisture content and incubation time during fermentation at 25 for 3 weeks. The NIR spectra of the soybean lump semi-dried and soaked in saline water showed that absorption intensity around 1,400 nm originating from hydrogen bonds of water decreased and absorption band shifted to 1,430 nm as moisture content decreased during incubation at 25 for 3 weeks. In addition, absorption around 2,050 nm which was assigned to amino groups increased as incubation time increased. NIR spectra data from 1,000 to 2,250 nm showed higher accuracy in the discriminant analysis between outside and inside parts of fermented soybean lumps than visible spectra result. NIR spectroscopy for the amino acid and moisture contents in traditional fermented soybean lumps showed relatively good accuracy with the multiple correlation coefficient ($R^2$) of 0.91 and 0.81, respectively, and root mean square error of cross validation (RMSECv) of 0.23 and 0.83%, respectively, in partial least square regression (PLSR). These results indicate that NIR spectral observations could be applicable to control the fermentation process for preparation of soybean products.

본 연구에서는 전통 재래식 콩된장의 제조공정을 과학적으로 해석하기 위한 연구의 일환으로 생메주의 건조 및 발효과정에 있어서 수분함량과 단백질 분해에 의한 아미노산 생성과정을 근적외 분광법으로 쉽게 판단 할 수 있는지 그 가능성을 조사하였다. 생메주를 일정한 크기($3{\times}4{\times}3cm$)로 잘라서 수분이 30%가 되도록 $25^{\circ}C$ 항온기에 3주간 발효시킨 모델계 발효메주를 만들어 가시광-근적외 스펙트럼을 측정하여 해석하였다. 발효가 진행됨에 따라 수분이 감소되면서 수분과 관련이 있는 1,430 nm대의 흡광도가 감소 및 시프트 되는 것이 관찰되었고, 발효기간이 길어질수록 아미노산과 관련이 있는 2,050 nm대의 흡광도가 증가하는 것을 관찰 할 수 있었다. 전통 재래식 발효메주를 속부분과 겉부분으로 분리하여 1,000-2,250 nm에서의 가시광 스펙트럼과 근적외 스펙트럼 데이터로 판별분석한 결과, 겉부분과 속부분이 잘 판별되었고, 가시광 보다는 근적외 영역에서 잘 구분되었다. 이들 전통메주중의 아미노산 농도를 비파괴 측정하기 위해 PLSR한 결과 $R^2$은 0.9 이상이며, RMSECv 0.23%로 나타났으며, 전통메주중의 수분함량도 $R^2$ 0.81, RMSECv 0.83%이어서 근적외 분광법으로 전통메주의 품질을 비파괴 측정 가능할 것으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

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