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The Effect of Soybean Oil and Waste Chicken Oil Mixing Ratio on Biodiesel Characteristics

대두유와 폐계유의 혼합비가 바이오디젤 특성에 미치는 영향

  • Kwack, Jong Won (Dept. of Bio-indusrtial Machinery Engineering, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kim, Tae Han (Dept. of Bio-indusrtial Machinery Engineering, Kyungpook National University)
  • 곽종원 (경북대학교 생물산업기계공학과) ;
  • 김태한 (경북대학교 생물산업기계공학과)
  • Received : 2016.10.31
  • Accepted : 2017.02.03
  • Published : 2017.02.28

Abstract

The interest in biodiesel is increasing rapidly. As a result, the price of vegetable oil that is used as a raw material for biodiesel is skyrocketing. Studies of biodiesel using animal waste as a means of solving these problems are underway. Biodiesel produced from animal fat contains considerably more saturated fatty acids than that produced from vegetable oil. In addition, it has a high cetane number and a high heating value. On the other hand, the fluidity decreases at lower temperatures because of the large amount of saturated fatty acids. For the biodiesel production, waste chicken oil and soybean oil were first purified. The raw materials were mixed at various ratios from 1:9 to 9:1. The methanol / oil molar ratio was also changed from 7 mol to 15 mol. The entire reaction time was one hour. The results showed that the optimal mixing ratio of soybean oil to waste chicken oil was 3:7, and the optimal methanol / oil molar ratio was 13. Moreover, the BD yield was 90.2%, the FAME content was 96.6%, and the LAME content was 4.1%. This result satisfied the Korea Industrial Standard (KSM2413).

바이오디젤에 대한 관심이 급증하면서 식물성유지의 가격이 급등하고 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위한 방안으로 동물성 폐기물을 이용한 연구가 진행되고 있으며, 이러한 연구는 환경오염을 줄이고 원료가격을 절감시키는 장점이 있다. 또한 동물성 유지는 식물성 유지에 비해 포화지방산이 다량 함유되어 있어 세탄가가 높고 발열량이 큰 연료특성을 갖고 있 다. 그러나 다량 함유된 포화지방산으로 인해 저온유동성이 좋지 않은 문제점이 있다. 이러한 문제점을 보완하기 위해 대두유와 폐계유를 혼합하여 바이오디젤을 제조하였다. 원료는 정제된 대두유와 폐계유를 사용하였으며, 실험은 대두유와 폐계유 혼합비를 1:9에서 9:1까지, 메탄올/유지 몰비를 7~15로 변화시키면서 수행 하였다. 실험조건으로 촉매는 KOH 1wt%, 반응온도 $55^{\circ}C$, 반응시간 1시간으로 하여 바이오디젤을 제조하였다. 그 결과 대두유와 폐계유의 최적혼합비율은 3:7이었으며, 메탄올/유지 몰비는 13으로 나타났다. 또한 제조된 바이오디젤의 성능을 평가한 결과 바이오디젤 수율(BD수율)은 90.2%, FAME 함량은 96.6%, LAME 함량은 4.1%로 나타났으며, 이 결과는 한국공업규격(KSM2413)을 만족하는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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