The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science (농약과학회지)

The Korean Society of Pesticide Science (한국농약과학회)
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Survey of Planting System and Pesticide Spray Method on Apple Orchards in Korea

국내 사과원의 재배형태 및 농약 살포방법 조사

  • Kwon, Hyeyoung (Department of Agro-food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Hong, Su-Myeong (Department of Agro-food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Sang-Su (Department of Agro-food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Paik, Min Kyoung (Department of Agro-food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Hyo Sub (Department of Agro-food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Dan-Bi (Department of Agro-food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Moon, Byeong-Chul (Department of Agro-food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration)
  • 권혜영 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부) ;
  • 홍수명 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부) ;
  • 김상수 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부) ;
  • 백민경 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부) ;
  • 이효섭 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부) ;
  • 김단비 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부) ;
  • 문병철 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부)
  • Received : 2016.11.07
  • Accepted : 2017.02.13
  • Published : 2017.03.31
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Abstract

A survey was conducted to research on planting system and pesticide spray methods including spray volume, sprayer types, and spray nozzles used in apple orchards. The survey was deployed to 395 farmers in 17 cities and towns including 7 regions which are major producers of apple via interview. Major apple varieties were Fuji (79.2%) and Hongro (50.9%) and high density planting system was mainly used in apple orchards (distance between rows: 4.0-4.5 m (73.1%); planting distance: 1.5-3.5 m (88.6%); canopy height: 3.0-4.5 m (88.2%)). The percentages of sprayer types were 77.6% and 22.1% for speed sprayer (airblast sprayer) and power sprayer, respectively. Spray volumes per 10a were 250-300 L in April, the month of spraying the lowest volume, and 300-400 L in June-August, the months of spraying the highest volume. Significant difference in spray volumes were not observed between conventional planting and high density planting, but regional spray volume showed significant difference. The main nozzles used by apple farmers using power sprayers were super jet nozzle (45%), super wide nozzle (26%), and 2-3 vertical head nozzle (25%). The results will helpful to establish practical agrochemicals management policy including suggestion of pesticide spray volume and evaluation of pesticide residue data and efficacy data.

국내에서 재배면적이 가장 넓은 과수인 사과에 대하여 전국 주산단지 포함 17개 시 군 지역 395농가를 대상으로 품종, 수관높이, 재식거리 등의 재배형태 및 농약 살포 물량, 살포기의 종류, 사용 노즐의 종류 등 농약의 살포 방법에 대한 조사를 수행하였다. 사과 품종은 Fuji와 Hongro가 79.2%, 50.9%로 주로 재배되었으며, 재배방식은 주로 저수고 고밀식 재배 형태를 보였다(열간거리: 4.0~4.5 m (73.1%), 재식거리: 1.5~3.5 m (88.6%), 수관높이: 3.0~4.5 m (88.2%)). 주로 사용하는 살포기는 스피드스프레이어 77.6%, 동력 분무기 22.1%로 나타났다. 농약의 단위 면적당(10a) 살포물량은 농약을 적게 살포하는 시기인 4월에는 250~300 L, 농약을 많이 살포하는 시기인 6~8월에는 300~400 L를 주로 살포하는 것으로 조사되었다. 재배유형 및 지역간의 살포물량 차이를 분석한 결과 관행재배와 저수고 고밀식재배 유형에서는 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았으나 지역별로는 유의적인 차이를 나타냈다. 동력분무기를 사용할 때 주로 사용하는 노즐은 대포노즐 45%, 회전곡자노즐 26%, 2~3구 플라스틱 금속 노즐이 25%로 나타났다. 이상의 결과들은 농가의 현실을 반영한 농약 살포 물량 설정, 농약의 작물 잔류성 자료 및 약효 자료 평가 등 농약의 등록 관련 정책 수립에 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

Keywords

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