Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science

Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Yeungnam University Institute Medical Science (영남대 의대 학술지 편집위원회)
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The relationship between muscle mitochondrial nutritional overloading and insulin resistance

  • Jeon, Jae-Han (Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Moon, Jun-Sung (Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine) ;
  • Won, Kyu-Chang (Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, In-Kyu (Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine)
  • Received : 2017.04.21
  • Accepted : 2017.06.07
  • Published : 2017.06.30
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Abstract

The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance is growing rapidly. Multiple organs including the liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue control insulin sensitivity coordinately, but the mechanism of skeletal muscle insulin resistance has not yet been fully elucidated. However, there is a growing body of evidence that lipotoxicity induced by mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle is an important mediator of insulin resistance. However, some recent findings suggest that skeletal mitochondrial dysfunction generated by genetic manipulation is not always correlated with insulin resistance in animal models. A high fat diet can provoke insulin resistance despite a coordinate increase in skeletal muscle mitochondria, which implies that mitochondrial dysfunction is not mandatory in insulin resistance. Furthermore, incomplete fatty acid oxidation by excessive nutrition supply compared to mitochondrial demand can induce insulin resistance without preceding impairment of mitochondrial function. Taken together we suggested that skeletal muscle mitochondrial overloading, not mitochondrial dysfunction, plays a pivotal role in insulin resistance.

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References

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