Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회지)

Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회)
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Characteristic Occurrence and Distributions of Pharmaceuticals in the Nakdong River

낙동강 수계 내 의약물질 발생 및 분포 특성

  • Lee, Heon-Jun (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kim, Hee-Young (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kim, Ki Yong (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University) ;
  • Yang, Duk-Seok (Nakdong River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Lee, Injung (Nakdong River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Lim, Young-Kyong (Nakdong River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Kim, Jae-Hyuk (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University) ;
  • Oh, Jeong-Eun (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University)
  • 이헌준 (부산대학교 환경공학과) ;
  • 김희영 (부산대학교 환경공학과) ;
  • 김기용 (부산대학교 환경공학과) ;
  • 양득석 (국립환경과학원 낙동강물환경연구소) ;
  • 이인정 (국립환경과학원 낙동강물환경연구소) ;
  • 임영경 (국립환경과학원 낙동강물환경연구소) ;
  • 김재혁 (부산대학교 환경공학과) ;
  • 오정은 (부산대학교 환경공학과)
  • Received : 2017.04.27
  • Accepted : 2017.06.28
  • Published : 2017.07.31
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Abstract

In this study, the occurrence and temporal variation of eight pharmaceuticals comprising antibiotics (clarithromycin, sulfathiazole, sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim), scabicide (carbamazepine) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (acetylsalicylic acid, naproxen) in main stream and its tributary of the Nakdong River basin, were investigated. Concentrations of the target compounds ranged from $1.076{\mu}g/L$. The highest average concentration was observed for clarithromycin ($0.0316{\mu}g/L$), followed by sulfamethazine ($0.0170{\mu}g/L$), sulfamethoxazole ($0.0161{\mu}g/L$), naproxen ($0.0129{\mu}g/L$), carbamazepine ($0.0093{\mu}g/L$), acetylsalicylic acid ($0.0047{\mu}g/L$), sulfathiazole ($0.0024{\mu}g/L$) and trimethoprim ($0.0022{\mu}g/L$). The decreasing pattern of pharmaceutical concentrations was observed along with Nakdong River and the higher concentrations in downstream were observed than those in upstream. There was no temporal variation of the target compounds although the highest level was found in February. The calculated hazard quotients (HQs) for eight pharmaceuticals were below 1, indicating no environmental hazard in Nakdong River. However, further monitoring is still needed due to the other pharmaceuticals widely used in Korea.

본 연구는 낙동강 본류와 연계한 지천중심을 대상으로 항생제(clarithromycin, sulfathiazole, sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim), 항정간제(carbamazepine), 진통제(acetylsalicylic acid, naproxe)를 포함한 8종의 의약물질의 현황 및 시기별 변화에 대해 조사를 실시하였다. 조사 대상물질의 검출 수준은 $1.076{\mu}g/L$까지 나타났으며, 조사 대상물질에서 clarithromycin($0.0316{\mu}g/L$)이 가장 높은 평균 농도로 검출되었고, 다음으로 sulfamethazine ($0.0170{\mu}g/L$), sulfamethoxazole ($0.0161{\mu}g/L$), naproxen ($0.0129{\mu}g/L$), carbamazepine ($0.0093{\mu}g/L$), acetylsalicylic acid ($0.0047{\mu}g/L$), sulfathiazole ($0.0024{\mu}g/L$), trimethoprim ($0.0022{\mu}g/L$) 순으로 나타났다. 낙동강 수계의 지점별 검출 수준은 하류의 농도수준이 상류의 검출 농도보다 상대적으로 높게 나타났다. 2월 조사시기에서 높은 검출 수준을 보였으나, 시기별 차이는 뚜렷하게 나타나지 않았다. 대상 의약물질 8종의 유해지수를 산정한 결과 모두 1보다 낮은 값을 나타내어 낙동강 수계에 미치는 생태위해성은 낮은 것으로 평가되었으나 추후 본 연구대상 물질 외 사용되고 있는 다른 의약물질로 확장 한 연구가 더 수행될 필요가 있는 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 한국연구재단

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