DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

노인의 낙상두려움, 일상생활수행능력과 삶의 질에 관한 연구 -낙상경험유무, 만성질환유무, 거주지역별 비교-

A study on the Fear of falling, Activity of daily living and Quality of life for the Elderly

  • 강기선 (제주한라대학교 간호학과) ;
  • 양지 (삼육대학교 물리치료학과)
  • Kang, Ki-Seon (Department of Nursing, Cheju Halla University) ;
  • Yang, Ji (Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University)
  • 투고 : 2017.06.02
  • 심사 : 2017.07.07
  • 발행 : 2017.07.31

초록

본 연구의 목적은 노인의 낙상두려움, 일상생활수행능력, 삶의 질 정도를 낙상경험유무, 만성질환유무, 거주지역별로 비교분석하여 결과를 지역노인의 삶의 질을 증진시키기 위한 낙상방지 프로그램의 개발에 기초자료를 제공하고자 함이다. 본 연구는 J시의 시내 경로당 4곳과 농촌지역 주민 센터 4곳에서 지역 노인 185명을 대상으로 2016년 8월 15일부터 2016년 9월 17일까지 시행 되었다. 본 연구의 결과를 보면 낙상경험유무별 낙상두려움, 일상생활수행능력, 삶의 질 비교분석 결과 모든 항목에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었고, 만성질환유무별 낙상두려움, 일상생활수행능력, 삶의 질 비교에서는 낙상 두려움과 삶의 질에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 그리고 거주지역별 낙상두려움, 일상생활수행능력, 삶의 질 비교에서는 일상생활수행능력 및 삶의 질에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 낙상두려움, 일상생활수행능력, 삶의 질 간의 상관관계를 보면 낙상두려움은 일상생활수행능력과 유의하게 음의 상관관계를 보이고 있고(r=-.386, p<.000), 일상생활수행능력과 삶의 질과의 관계는 유의하게 양의 상관관계가 있음을 확인하였다(r=.513, p<.000). 따라서 노인의 낙상두려움을 낮추기 위한 안전한 환경을 마련이 중요함을 인식하여 환경개선교육 프로그램의 개발이 필요하고 노인들의 일상생활에서 낙상관련 필수적인 정보들을 얻을 수 있는 시스템 개발이 되어야하며, 일상생활수행능력을 높일 수 있는 프로그램을 삶의 질이 증진될 수 있음을 알 수 있다.

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for the development of fall prevention programs for the elderly and for improvement of quality of life based on history of falls, chronic diseases, location, fear of falling, daily living activities, and quality of life. This study was conducted from 15th August to 17th September of 2016 on 185 elderly subjects above the age of 65 living in four centers of J city and four centers of J rural. The results of this study are as follows: There were no statistically significant differences in daily living activities, fear of falls, and quality of life regarding falls in the past. There were statistically significant differences in fear of falling and quality of life regarding chronic diseases. There were statistically significant differences in daily living activities and quality of life regarding residence. This study confirms that there were relations among daily living activities, fear of falling, and quality of life, and there was a negative correlation between fear of falling and accomplishment of daily living activities(r=-.386, p<.000). There was also a positive correlation between accomplishment of daily living activities and quality of life(r=.513, p<.000). Therefore, avoiding outings on slippery roads and creating safe environments for the elderly are important to reduce fear of falling. Additionally, a system should be developed for the elderly to acquire necessary information for daily life.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Statistic Korea, 2014.
  2. M. J. Jeon, "Comparison of Elderly Fallers and Elderly Non-fallers: Balancing Ability, Depression, and Quality of Life", Dept. of Ergonomic Therapy The Graduate School: Health and Environment Yonsei University, 2014.
  3. J. M. Hausdorff, H. K. Edelberg, S. L. Mitchell, A. L. Goldberger, J. Y. Wei, "Increased gait unsteadiness in community-dwelling elderly fallers", Arch Phys Med Rehabil, vol. 78, no. 3, pp. 278-283, Mar. 1997. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90034-4
  4. L. E. Powell, A. M. Myers, "The Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale", J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, vol. 50A, no. 1, pp. 28-34, Jan. 1995. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/50A.1.M28
  5. C. L. Arfken, H. W. Lach, S. J. Birge, J. P. Miller, "The prevalence and correlattes of fear of falling in elderly persons living in the community", Am J Public Health, vol. 84, no. 4, pp. 565-570, Apr. 1994. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.84.4.565
  6. K. Hill, J. Schwarz, "Assesment and Management of falls in older people", J Interrn Med, vol. 34, no. 9-10 pp. 557-564, Sep. 2004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-5994.2004.00668.x
  7. A. C. Scheffer, M. J. Schuurmans, N. Dijk, T. Hooft, "Fear of falling: Measurement strategy, prevalence, risk factors and consequences among older person", Age and Ageing, vol. 37, Issue1 pp. 19-24, Jan. 2008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afm169
  8. K. S. Kang, "The Effects of the Fall Prevention Exercise Program Focussed on Activity of daily living, Fear of fall and Quality of life for the Senior Citizen Center Elderly", Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, vol. 17. no. 8 pp. 267-272, Aug. 2016. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2016.17.8.267
  9. J. Yang, W. H. Lee, K. S. Kang, H. S. Kim, "The Effect of the Fall Prevention Exercise Program Focussed on Strengthening of the Lower Extremity Muscles on the Change of Physical Function and Muscle Architecture of the Elderly", Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, vol. 15, no. 8, pp. 5186-5194b, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2015.16.3.1904
  10. F. F. Camargos, R. C. Dias, J. M. Dias, M. T. Freire, "Cross-cuntural adaptation and evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Falls Efficacy Scale - International Among Elderly Brazilians (FES-I-BRAZIL)", Rev Bras Fisioter, vol. 14, no. 3 pp. 237-243, May/June, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-35552010000300010
  11. J. Howland, M. E. Lachman, E. W. Peterson, J. Cote, L. Kasten, A. Jette, "Covariates of fear of falling and associated activity curtailment", Gerontologist, vol. 38, no. 5, pp. 549-555, Oct. 1998. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/38.5.549
  12. S. L. Murphy, C. S. Williams, T. M. Gill, "Characteristics associated with fear of falling and activity restriction in community-living older persons", J Am Geriatr Soc, vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 516-520, Mar. 2002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50119.x
  13. A. M. Myers, L. E. Powell, B. E. Maki, P. J. Holliday, L. R. Brawley, W. Sherk, "Psychological indicators of balance confidence: relationship to actual and perceived abilities", J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, vol. 51A, no. 1, pp. M37-43, Jan. 1996. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/51A.1.M37
  14. G. A. Zijlstra, J. C. van Haastregt, J. T. van Eijk, E. van Rossum, P. A. Stalenhoef, G. I. Kempen, "Prevalence and correlates of fear of falling, and associated avoidance of activity in the general population of community-living older people", Age Ageing, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 304-309, May 2007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afm021
  15. J. N. Choo, Jina, E. K. Kim, "Health-related Quality of Fallers vs Non-fallers in Community -dewelling Elderly People", Journal of Muscle and Joint Health, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 373-382, Dec. 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5953/JMJH.2012.19.3.373
  16. F. I. Mahoney, D. W. Barthel, "Functional evaluation: The Barthel index", Maryand State Medical Journal, vol. 14, pp. 61-65, Feb. 1965.
  17. S. K. Kim, J. I. Kim, "Activities of Daily Living, Health Related Quality of Life According to the Experience of Falls among the Aged in Community", Journal of Muscle and Joint Health, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 227-237, Nov. 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5953/JMJH.2011.18.2.227
  18. R. Tideiksaar, Falls in older persons: Prevention and management, Health Professions Press, 1997.
  19. M. Kim, "A study on the Fear of Falling, ADLand Quality of life for the Elderly at home", Department of Clinical nursing data Graduate School, Hanyang University, 2013.
  20. K. Y. Song, J. S. Moon, S. S. Kang, J. H. Choi, "The survey of activities and fear of falling in the community dwelling elderly", J of Korean Community Health Nursing Academic Society, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 333-344, 2001.
  21. C. M. Jang, "A Structual Model for Falls and Quality of Life in Elderly People Living at Home", Unpublished master's thesis, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 2005.
  22. N. T. Chang, L. Y. Chi, N. P. Yang, P. J. Chou, "The impact of falls and fear of falling on health-related quality of life in Taiwanese elderly", Journal of Community Health Nursing, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 84-95, Apr. 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/07370011003704958
  23. J. H. Yeom, J. N. Hang, "Risk Factors of Falls among Korean Elderly", J of the Korean Gerontological Society, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 577-592, 2012.
  24. A. J. Campbell, M. C. Robertson, "Implementation of multifactorial intervention for fall and fracture prevention", Age and Ageing, vol. 35-s2, pp. ii60-ii64. Sep. 2006.
  25. B. Kessel, "Hip Fracture Prevention in Postmeno -pausal Women", Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey, vol. 59, no. 6, pp. 446-455, Jun. 2004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00006254-200406000-00023
  26. K. W. Choi, I. S. Lee, "Risk Factor of Falls among Korean city poor Elderly", J of Korean Nursing Academic Society, vol. 40, no. 4 pp. 589-598, Aug. 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2010.40.4.589
  27. L. Z. Rubenstein, K. R. Josephson, "Falls and prevention in elderly people: what does the evidence show?", The Medical Clinics of North America, vol. 90, no. 5, pp. 807-824. Sep. 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcna.2006.05.013
  28. Y. S. Lim, "The Effects of an Physical function, Depression, Social support on Quality of life for Low-income Elderly at home", Unpublished master's thesis, Yeon Sae University, Seoul. 2003. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcna.2006.05.013